Charles Chan | 9e5c617 | 2019-09-07 11:24:54 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 1 | Bridging and Unicast Routing |
| 2 | ============================ |
| 3 | |
Charles Chan | 33bac08 | 2019-09-12 01:07:51 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 4 | .. attention:: |
Charles Chan | 4ade88d | 2019-09-16 16:30:31 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 5 | - VLAN **4090** is reserved for :doc:`pseudowire <pseudowire>` transport |
Charles Chan | 33bac08 | 2019-09-12 01:07:51 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 6 | - VLAN **4094** is reserved for unconfigured ports (e.g. spine facing ports) |
| 7 | |
Charles Chan | 9e5c617 | 2019-09-07 11:24:54 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 8 | Access Ports |
| 9 | ------------ |
| 10 | The necessary but minimum configuration for an access port is simply a VLAN. |
| 11 | |
| 12 | .. code-block:: json |
| 13 | :linenos: |
| 14 | |
| 15 | { |
| 16 | "ports" : { |
| 17 | "of:0000000000000204/12" : { |
| 18 | "interfaces" : [{ |
| 19 | "name" : "serverA-intf", |
| 20 | "vlan-untagged": 10 |
| 21 | }] |
| 22 | }, |
| 23 | "of:0000000000000204/16" : { |
| 24 | "interfaces" : [{ |
| 25 | "name" : "serverB-intf", |
| 26 | "vlan-untagged": 10 |
| 27 | }] |
| 28 | } |
| 29 | } |
| 30 | } |
| 31 | |
| 32 | The example above shows two ports (12 and 16) on switch of:204 that have been assigned to VLAN 10 using the ``vlan-untagged`` keyword. |
| 33 | It simply means that packets come in and leave out of these switches untagged, |
| 34 | but internally they are assigned VLAN 10 and they belong to the bridging domain defined for VLAN 10. |
| 35 | |
| 36 | ``name`` is used to associate the interface with a globally unique, user friendly name. It can be omitted. |
| 37 | |
| 38 | With the configuration shown above, the packets will always be bridged, but they cannot be routed out of the VLAN (e.g. to other subnets). |
| 39 | To add the capability to route out of VLAN 10, we need to add a subnet/gateway IP (similar to `interface-vlans or SVIs in traditional networks <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUXpmiJpGb0>`_). |
| 40 | |
| 41 | .. code-block:: json |
| 42 | :linenos: |
| 43 | |
| 44 | { |
| 45 | "ports" : { |
| 46 | "of:0000000000000204/12" : { |
| 47 | "interfaces" : [{ |
| 48 | "name" : "serverA-intf", |
| 49 | "ips" : [ "10.0.1.254/24"], |
| 50 | "vlan-untagged": 10 |
| 51 | }] |
| 52 | }, |
| 53 | "of:0000000000000204/16" : { |
| 54 | "interfaces" : [{ |
| 55 | "name" : "serverB-intf", |
| 56 | "ips" : [ "10.0.1.254/24"], |
| 57 | "vlan-untagged": 10 |
| 58 | }] |
| 59 | } |
| 60 | } |
| 61 | } |
| 62 | |
| 63 | In this example, VLAN 10 is associated with subnet ``10.0.1.0/24``, and the gateway IP for hosts in this subnet is ``10.0.1.254/32``. |
| 64 | When the desire is to route out of a VLAN, this assignment is currently necessary on all ports configured in the same VLAN. |
| 65 | |
| 66 | .. note:: |
Charles Chan | 9e5c617 | 2019-09-07 11:24:54 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 67 | Typically we only expect a single subnet for a VLAN. Similar to traditional networks, for us, a subnet == VLAN. Different VLANs should be configured in different subnets. |
| 68 | In certain use-cases, it may be necessary to configure multiple subnets in the same VLAN. This is possible by adding more subnet/gateway IPs in the ``ips`` array. |
| 69 | |
Charles Chan | 33bac08 | 2019-09-12 01:07:51 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 70 | .. tip:: |
| 71 | One subnet cannot be configured on multiple leaf switches. |
| 72 | We usually configure one subnet for all the ports on the same leaf switch. |
Charles Chan | 9e5c617 | 2019-09-07 11:24:54 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 73 | |
| 74 | Tagged Ports |
| 75 | ------------ |
| 76 | Tagged port configuration is similar. |
| 77 | |
| 78 | .. code-block:: json |
| 79 | :linenos: |
| 80 | |
| 81 | { |
| 82 | "ports" : { |
| 83 | "of:0000000000000204/24" : { |
| 84 | "interfaces" : [{ |
| 85 | "name" : "serverA-intf", |
| 86 | "ips" : [ "10.0.2.254/24", "10.0.4.254/24" ], |
| 87 | "vlan-tagged" : [ 20, 40 ] |
| 88 | }] |
| 89 | } |
| 90 | } |
| 91 | } |
| 92 | |
| 93 | The configuration above for port 24 on switch of:204 shows two VLANs 20 and 40 configured on that port, with corresponding subnets and gateway IPs. |
| 94 | Note that there is no specific ordering required in the ``ips`` or ``vlan-tagged`` arrays to correlate the VLANs to their corresponding subnets. |
| 95 | In a future release, we will correlate VLAN and subnets configuration in a more readable way. |
| 96 | |
| 97 | |
| 98 | Native VLAN on Tagged Ports |
| 99 | --------------------------- |
| 100 | An additional configuration ``vlan-native`` possible on tagged ports includes the ability to specify a VLAN (and thus a bridging domain) for incoming untagged packets. |
| 101 | Typically, such configuration in trunk ports in traditional networks is referred to a native VLAN. |
| 102 | |
| 103 | .. code-block:: json |
| 104 | :linenos: |
| 105 | |
| 106 | { |
| 107 | "ports" : { |
| 108 | "of:0000000000000204/24" : { |
| 109 | "interfaces" : [ { |
| 110 | "name" : "serverA-intf", |
| 111 | "ips" : [ "10.0.2.254/24", "10.0.4.254/24", "10.0.1.254/24" ], |
| 112 | "vlan-tagged" : [ 20, 40 ], |
| 113 | "vlan-native" : 10 |
| 114 | }] |
| 115 | } |
| 116 | } |
| 117 | } |
| 118 | |
| 119 | Note that it is also necessary to configure the subnet/gateway IP corresponding to the native VLAN if you wish to route out of that VLAN. |
| 120 | |
| 121 | |
| 122 | Configuring interface for IPv6 |
| 123 | ------------------------------ |
| 124 | It is similar to configure IPv6 routing. Simply replace the addresses in ``ips`` with IPv6 addresses. For example, |
| 125 | |
| 126 | .. code-block:: json |
| 127 | :linenos: |
| 128 | |
| 129 | { |
| 130 | "ports" : { |
| 131 | "of:0000000000000204/24" : { |
| 132 | "interfaces" : [ { |
| 133 | "name" : "serverA-intf", |
| 134 | "ips" : [ "10.0.2.254/24", "2000::1ff/120" ], |
| 135 | "vlan-tagged" : [ 20, 40 ] |
| 136 | }] |
| 137 | } |
| 138 | } |
| 139 | } |
| 140 | |
| 141 | |
Charles Chan | 8d3ae67 | 2019-09-07 22:07:22 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 142 | IPv6 Router Advertisement |
| 143 | ------------------------- |
| 144 | |
| 145 | Router Advertisement overview |
| 146 | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ |
| 147 | Router advertisement application is for enabling **Router Advertisement** and **Router Solicitation** functionalities supported by IPv6 routers. |
| 148 | More details are available in `RFC 4861 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4861>`_. |
| 149 | |
| 150 | Application identifies which IPv6 interfaces are currently configured in the system and it will try to send out **unsolicited Router Advertisement** (RA) messages from these interfaces. |
| 151 | Each such RA message will have two mandatory options named **Source link-layer address** and **MTU**. |
| 152 | Additional RA option **prefix** can be enabled using component configuration **raGlobalPrefixConfStatus**. |
| 153 | |
| 154 | Application also processes **Router Solicitations** (RS) sent from hosts. Upon receiving RS on a particular interface application stops RA transmission in that interface and immediately sends RA targeted to the solicited host. After that application continues unsolicited RA transmission on that interface. |
| 155 | |
| 156 | Activate and configure RA |
| 157 | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ |
| 158 | RA application can be activated from CLI by running |
| 159 | |
| 160 | .. code-block:: console |
| 161 | |
| 162 | onos> app activate routeradvertisement |
| 163 | |
| 164 | Behavior of RA application is controlled by ONOS component configuration subsystem and following are possible configuration options. |
| 165 | |
| 166 | - ``raThreadDelay``: Delay between consecutive RA transmissions |
| 167 | - ``raPoolSize``: Capacity of thread pool to be used for RA transmissions |
| 168 | - ``raFlagMbitStatus``: RA flag “Managed address configuration” enabled/disabled |
| 169 | - ``raFlagObitStatus``: RA flag “Other configuration” enabled/disabled |
| 170 | - ``raOptionPrefixStatus``: RA Option “prefix” is enabled/disabled. Router prefixes will be available in RA only if this flag is “true” |
| 171 | - ``raGlobalPrefixConfStatus``: Enable switch level global prefix configuration. |
| 172 | Once “raGlobalPrefixConfStatus” is enabled, RA prefix option is generated from port configuration of device, see for more details. |
| 173 | |
| 174 | Prefix details are picked up from network interface configuration. |
| 175 | RA app will filter out link-local IPs while preparing prefixes. |
| 176 | For example, in following configuration, Prefix will include only **2001:0558:FF10:04C9::2:1ff/120**. |
| 177 | |
| 178 | .. code-block:: json |
| 179 | |
| 180 | { |
| 181 | "ports": { |
| 182 | "of:0000000000000018/16": { |
| 183 | "interfaces": [{ |
| 184 | "ips": [ "192.168.114.1/24", "2001:0558:FF10:04C9::2:1ff/120", "FE80::4EA8:2AFF:FE24:8E5F/120" ], |
| 185 | "vlan-untagged": "11", |
| 186 | "name": "18-15", |
| 187 | "mac": "8c:ea:1b:67:24:90" |
| 188 | }] |
| 189 | } |
| 190 | } |
| 191 | } |
| 192 | |
| 193 | Global prefix configuration |
| 194 | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ |
| 195 | In some cases, users may want to have a set of global prefix **advertised on all edge interfaces**. |
| 196 | Such prefixes can be configured in **devices** section of network configuration in the following way. |
| 197 | |
| 198 | .. code-block:: json |
| 199 | |
| 200 | { |
| 201 | "devices": { |
| 202 | "of:0000000000000018": { |
| 203 | "routeradvertisement" : { |
| 204 | "prefixes": [ "2001:0558:FF10:04C9::3:1ff/120"] |
| 205 | } |
| 206 | } |
| 207 | } |
| 208 | } |
| 209 | |
| 210 | .. note:: |
| 211 | When global prefix is configured, RA app will ignore any prefixes configured on switch interfaces. |
| 212 | |
| 213 | Notes about interface config |
| 214 | ---------------------------- |
Charles Chan | 9e5c617 | 2019-09-07 11:24:54 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 215 | There is no need to configure ports on switches that are meant to connect to other switches. |
| 216 | The VLAN (untagged or tagged) configuration is only meant for ports that are connected to hosts (edge ports). |
| 217 | |
Charles Chan | 20fabfb | 2019-09-07 11:24:54 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 218 | .. image:: ../images/config-vlan.png |
Charles Chan | 9e5c617 | 2019-09-07 11:24:54 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 219 | |
| 220 | Furthermore, note that the same VLAN can be configured on multiple ToRs - e.g. vlan 20 in the figure above. |
| 221 | However this does not mean that the ports are in the same bridging domain, because in the fabric, the communication between ToRs is through a routed network. ' |
| 222 | In other words, a host on VLAN 20 (untagged or tagged) connected to one ToR can communicate with another host on VLAN 20 (untagged or tagged) connected to a different ToR, |
| 223 | but the MAC addresses will change as the traffic goes through a routed network. |
| 224 | |
| 225 | Please do not use this feature to connect switches in unsupported topologies as shown in the example below. |
| 226 | The fabric is not designed to be one big Ethernet fabric. The bridging domain is restricted to within one ToR. |
| 227 | If the bridging domain is extended across two ToRs directly linked to each other, there is a chance of loops. |
| 228 | In other words, the ToRs/Leafs are not standalone 802.1Q bridges, and should not be used as such. |
| 229 | |
Charles Chan | 20fabfb | 2019-09-07 11:24:54 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 230 | .. image:: ../images/config-vlan-invalid.png |