src/main/java/edu/stanford/ramcloud/JRamCloud.java - spring-open - Gitiles

 /* Copyright (c) 2013 Stanford University
  *
  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
  *
  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR(S) DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES
  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR
  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
  * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
  */

 package edu.stanford.ramcloud;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.LinkedList;

 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

 /*
  * This class provides Java bindings for RAMCloud. Right now it is a rather
  * simple subset of what RamCloud.h defines.
  *
  * Running ``javah'' on this file will generate a C header file with the
  * appropriate JNI function definitions. The glue interfacing to the C++
  * RAMCloud library can be found in JRamCloud.cc.
  *
  * For JNI information, the IBM tutorials and Android developer docs are much
  * better than Sun's at giving an overall intro:
  *      http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/java/tutorials/j-jni/section4.html
  *      http://developer.android.com/training/articles/perf-jni.html
  */
 public class JRamCloud {
     private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JRamCloud.class);

     static {
         try {
             System.loadLibrary("edu_stanford_ramcloud_JRamCloud");
         } catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError e) {
             System.err.println("Unable to load JNI binding. Please build RAMCloud Java bindings.");
             log.error("Unable to load JNI binding. Please build RAMCloud Java bindings.", e);
             System.exit(-1);
         }
     }

     public static final long VERSION_NONEXISTENT = 0L;

     /// Pointer to the underlying C++ RAMCloud object associated with this
     /// object.
     private long ramcloudObjectPointer = 0;

     /**
      * See src/RejectRules.h.
      */
     public static class RejectRules {
         // these needs to be in sync with JNI code;
         public static final int DoesntExist = 1;
         public static final int Exists = 1 << 1;
         public static final int VersionLeGiven = 1 << 2;
         public static final int VersionNeGiven = 1 << 3;

         protected long givenVersion;
         protected int flags;

         public RejectRules() {
             clear();
         }

         public void clear() {
             this.givenVersion = VERSION_NONEXISTENT;
             this.flags = 0x0;
         }

         public RejectRules set(int flags, long version) {
             this.flags = flags;
             this.givenVersion = version;
             return this;
         }

         public RejectRules set(int flags) {
             return set(flags,VERSION_NONEXISTENT);
         }

         public RejectRules rejectIfLeVersion(long version) {
             setVersion(version);
             this.flags |= VersionLeGiven;
             return this;
         }

         public RejectRules rejectIfExists() {
             this.flags |= Exists;
             return this;
         }

         public RejectRules rejectIfDoesntExists() {
             this.flags |= DoesntExist;
             return this;
         }

         public RejectRules rejectIfNeVersion(long version) {
             setVersion(version);
             this.flags |= VersionNeGiven;
             return this;
         }

         private void setVersion(long version) {
             this.givenVersion = version;
         }
     }

     public static class MultiReadObject {
         public long[] tableId;
         public byte[] key[];
         public short[] keyLength;

         public MultiReadObject(int size){
             this.tableId = new long[size];
             this.key = new byte[size][];
             this.keyLength = new short[size];
         }

         public void setObject(int num, long tableId, byte key[]){
             this.tableId[num] = tableId;
             this.key[num] = key;
             this.keyLength[num] = (short) this.key[num].length;
         }
     }

     public static class MultiWriteObject {
         public long[] tableId;
         public byte[] key[];
         public short[] keyLength;
         public byte[] value[];
         public int[] valueLength;
         public RejectRules[] rules;

         public MultiWriteObject(int size) {
             this.tableId = new long[size];
             this.key = new byte[size][];
             this.keyLength = new short[size];
             this.value = new byte[size][];
             this.valueLength = new int[size];
             this.rules = new RejectRules[size];
         }

         public void setObject(int num, long tableId, byte key[], byte value[], RejectRules rules){
             this.tableId[num] = tableId;
             this.key[num] = key;
             this.keyLength[num] = (short) key.length;
             this.value[num] = value;
             this.valueLength[num] = value.length;
             this.rules[num] = rules;
         }

     }

     public static class MultiWriteRspObject {
         private int status;
         private long version;

         public MultiWriteRspObject(int status, long version) {
             this.status = status;
             this.version = version;
         }
         public int getStatus() {
             return status;
         }

         public long getVersion() {
             return version;
         }
     }

     /**
      * This class is returned by Read operations. It encapsulates the entire
      * object, including the key, value, and version.
      *
      * It mostly exists because Java doesn't support primitive out parameters
      * or multiple return values, and we don't know the object's size ahead of
      * time, so passing in a fixed-length array would be problematic.
      */
     public static class Object {
         Object(byte[] _key, byte[] _value, long _version)
         {
             key = _key;
             value = _value;
             version = _version;
         }

         public String
         getKey()
         {
             return new String(key,StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
         }

         public String
         getValue()
         {
             return new String(value,StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
         }

         final public byte[] key;
         final public byte[] value;
         final public long version;
     }

     public static class TableEnumeratorObject {
         TableEnumeratorObject(Object[] _object, long _nextHash)
         {
             object = _object;
             nextHash = _nextHash;
         }

         final public Object[] object;
         final public long nextHash;
     }

     @Deprecated
     public class TableEnumerator {
         private long tableEnumeratorObjectPointer = 0;
         private long ramCloudObjectPointer = 0;

         public TableEnumerator(long tableId)
         {
             ramCloudObjectPointer = ramcloudObjectPointer;
             tableEnumeratorObjectPointer = init(tableId);
         }

         private native long init(long tableId);
         public native boolean hasNext();
         public native Object next();
     }

     public class TableEnumerator2 {

         protected long tableId;
         protected LinkedList<JRamCloud.Object> rcobjs = null;
         protected long nextHash = 0;
         protected boolean done = false;

         public TableEnumerator2(long tableId)
         {
             this.tableId = tableId;
             rcobjs = new LinkedList<>();
         }
         public boolean hasNext() {
             if (rcobjs.isEmpty())
             {
                 if (done) {
                     return false;
                 }
                 JRamCloud.TableEnumeratorObject o = getTableObjects(this.tableId, this.nextHash);
                 if (o.nextHash == 0L) {
                     done = true;
                 }
                 this.nextHash = o.nextHash;
                 rcobjs.addAll(Arrays.asList(o.object));
                 if (rcobjs.isEmpty()) {
                     return false;
                 }
             }
             return true;
         }

         public Object next()
         {
             return rcobjs.pop();
         }
     }

     /**
      * Connect to the RAMCloud cluster specified by the given coordinator's
      * service locator string. This causes the JNI code to instantiate the
      * underlying RamCloud C++ object.
      */
     public
     JRamCloud(String coordinatorLocator, String clusterName)
     {
         ramcloudObjectPointer = connect(coordinatorLocator, clusterName);
     }

     public
     JRamCloud(String coordinatorLocator)
     {
         this(coordinatorLocator, "main");
     }

     /**
      * Disconnect from the RAMCloud cluster. This causes the JNI code to
      * destroy the underlying RamCloud C++ object.
      */
     public void
     disconnect()
     {
         if (ramcloudObjectPointer != 0) {
             disconnect(ramcloudObjectPointer);
             ramcloudObjectPointer = 0;
         }
     }

     /**
      * This method is called by the garbage collector before destroying the
      * object. The user really should have called disconnect, but in case
      * they did not, be sure to clean up after them.
      */
     @Override
     protected void
     finalize()
     {
         System.err.println("warning: JRamCloud::disconnect() was not called " +
                            "prior to the finalizer. You should disconnect " +
                            "your JRamCloud object when you're done with it.");
         disconnect();
     }

     /**
      * Convenience read() wrapper that take a String key argument.
      */
     public Object
     read(long tableId, String key)
     {
         return read(tableId, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
     }

     /**
      * Convenience read() wrapper that take a String key argument.
      * @throws RejectRulesException
      */
     public Object
     read(long tableId, String key, RejectRules rules) throws RejectRulesException
     {
         return read(tableId, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), rules);
     }

     /**
      * Convenience remove() wrapper that take a String key argument.
      */
     public long
     remove(long tableId, String key)
     {
         return remove(tableId, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
     }

     /**
      * Convenience remove() wrapper that take a String key argument.
      * @throws RejectRulesException
      */
     public long
     remove(long tableId, String key, RejectRules rules) throws RejectRulesException
     {
         return remove(tableId, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), rules);
     }

     /**
      * Convenience write() wrapper that take String key and value arguments.
      */
     public long
     write(long tableId, String key, String value)
     {
         return write(tableId, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), value.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
     }

     /**
      * Convenience write() wrapper that take String key and value arguments.
      * @throws RejectRulesException
      */
     public long
     write(long tableId, String key, String value, RejectRules rules) throws RejectRulesException
     {
         return write(tableId, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), value.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), rules);
     }

     /**
      * Convenience write() wrapper that takes a String key and a byte[] value
      * argument.
      */
     public long
     write(long tableId, String key, byte[] value)
     {
         return write(tableId, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), value);
     }

     /**
      * Convenience write() wrapper that takes a String key and a byte[] value
      * argument.
      * @throws RejectRulesException
      */
     public long
     write(long tableId, String key, byte[] value, RejectRules rules) throws RejectRulesException
     {
         return write(tableId, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), value, rules);
     }

     private static native long connect(String coordinatorLocator, String clusterName);
     private static native void disconnect(long ramcloudObjectPointer);

     public native long createTable(String name);
     public native long createTable(String name, int serverSpan);
     public native void dropTable(String name);
     public native long getTableId(String name);
     public native Object read(long tableId, byte[] key);
     public native Object read(long tableId, byte[] key, RejectRules rules) throws RejectRulesException;
     public native Object[] multiRead(long[] tableId, byte[] keydata[], short[] keyDataSize, int requestNum);
     public native long remove(long tableId, byte[] key);
     public native long remove(long tableId, byte[] key, RejectRules rules) throws RejectRulesException;
     public native long write(long tableId, byte[] key, byte[] value);
     public native long write(long tableId, byte[] key, byte[] value, RejectRules rules) throws RejectRulesException;
     public native MultiWriteRspObject[] multiWrite(long[] tableId, byte[] key[], short[] keyDataSize, byte[] value[], int[] valueDataSize, int requestNum, RejectRules[] rules);
     public native TableEnumeratorObject getTableObjects(long tableId, long nextHash);
     public native long increment(long tableId, byte[] key, long incrementValue) throws ObjectDoesntExistException;

     /*
      * The following exceptions may be thrown by the JNI functions:
      */

     public static class TableDoesntExistException extends RuntimeException {
         public TableDoesntExistException(String message)
         {
             super(message);
         }
     }

     public static class ObjectDoesntExistException extends RejectRulesException {
         public ObjectDoesntExistException(String message)
         {
             super(message);
         }
     }

     public static class ObjectExistsException extends RejectRulesException {
         public ObjectExistsException(String message)
         {
             super(message);
         }
     }

     public static class WrongVersionException extends RejectRulesException {
         public WrongVersionException(String message)
         {
             super(message);
         }
     }

     public static class InvalidObjectException extends RuntimeException {
         public InvalidObjectException(String message) {
             super(message);
         }
     }

     public static class RejectRulesException extends Exception {
         public RejectRulesException(String message) {
             super(message);
         }
     }

     // TODO Define and support some of ClientException sub-classes.
     public static class ClientException extends Exception {
         public ClientException(String message) {
             super(message);
         }
     }

     public static void tableEnumeratorTest(JRamCloud ramcloud) {
         long startTime = 0;
         for (int x = 0 ; x < 2 ; x ++){
         for(int N = 1000; N < 10000; N += 1000) {
             long EnumerateTesttable = ramcloud.createTable("EnumerateTest");
             for(int i = 0 ; i < N ; ++i) {
                 String key = String.valueOf(i);
                 ramcloud.write(EnumerateTesttable, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), "Hello, World!".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
             }

             long tableIdList[] = new long[N];
             byte[] keydata[] = new byte[N][];
             short keydataSize[] = new short[N];
             startTime = System.nanoTime();
             for (int j = 0 ; j < N ; ++j) {
                 tableIdList[j] = EnumerateTesttable;
                 String key = String.valueOf(j);
                 keydata[j] = key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
                 keydataSize[j] = (short) keydata[j].length;
             }
             JRamCloud.Object out[] = ramcloud.multiRead(tableIdList, keydata, keydataSize, N);
             for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
                 if(out[i].version == 0) {
                         System.out.println("Verify fail " + out[i].getKey() + " V:" + out[i].getValue());
                 }
             }

             System.out.println("multiRead           : " + N + " Time : " + (System.nanoTime()-startTime));

             startTime = System.nanoTime();
             JRamCloud.TableEnumerator tableEnum = ramcloud.new TableEnumerator(EnumerateTesttable);
             while (tableEnum.hasNext()) {
                 Object tableEntry = tableEnum.next();
                 if (tableEntry != null) {
                     System.out.println("tableEnumerator object: key = [" + tableEntry.getKey() + "], value = [" + tableEntry.getValue() + "]");
                 }
             }
             System.out.println("old TableEnumerator : " + N + " Time : " + (System.nanoTime()-startTime));

             startTime = System.nanoTime();
             JRamCloud.TableEnumerator2 tableEnum2 = ramcloud.new TableEnumerator2(EnumerateTesttable);
             while (tableEnum2.hasNext()) {
                 Object tableEntry2 = tableEnum2.next();
                 if (tableEntry2 != null) {
                     System.out.println("tableEnumerator2 object: key = [" + tableEntry2.getKey() + "], value = [" + tableEntry2.getValue() + "]");
                 }
             }
             System.out.println("new TableEnumerator : " + N + " Time : " + (System.nanoTime()-startTime));
             ramcloud.dropTable("EnumerateTest");
         }
         }
     }
     /**
      * A simple end-to-end test of the java bindings.
      */
     public static void
     main(String argv[])
     {
         JRamCloud ramcloud = new JRamCloud(argv[0]);
         long tableId = ramcloud.createTable("hi");
         System.out.println("created table, id = " + tableId);
         long tableId2 = ramcloud.getTableId("hi");
         System.out.println("getTableId says tableId = " + tableId2);

         System.out.println("wrote obj version = " +
             ramcloud.write(tableId, "thisIsTheKey", "thisIsTheValue"));

         JRamCloud.Object o = ramcloud.read(tableId, "thisIsTheKey");
         System.out.println("read object: key = [" + o.getKey() + "], value = ["
             + o.getValue() + "], version = " + o.version);

         ramcloud.remove(tableId, "thisIsTheKey");

         try {
             ramcloud.read(tableId, "thisIsTheKey");
             System.out.println("Error: shouldn't have read successfully!");
         } catch (Exception e) {
             // OK
         }

         ramcloud.write(tableId, "thisIsTheKey", "thisIsTheValue");

         long before = System.nanoTime();
         for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
             @SuppressWarnings("unused")
             JRamCloud.Object unused = ramcloud.read(tableId, "thisIsTheKey");
         }
         long after = System.nanoTime();
         System.out.println("Avg read latency: " +
             ((double)(after - before) / 1000 / 1000) + " usec");

         // multiRead test
         long tableId4 = ramcloud.createTable("table4");
         System.out.println("table4 id " + tableId4);
         ramcloud.write(tableId4, "object1-1", "value:1-1");
         ramcloud.write(tableId4, "object1-2", "value:1-2");
         ramcloud.write(tableId4, "object1-3", "value:1-3");
         long tableId5 = ramcloud.createTable("table5");
         System.out.println("table5 id " + tableId5);
         ramcloud.write(tableId5, "object2-1", "value:2-1");
         long tableId6 = ramcloud.createTable("table6");
         ramcloud.write(tableId6, "object3-1", "value:3-1");
         ramcloud.write(tableId6, "object3-2", "value:3-2");

         MultiReadObject mr = new MultiReadObject(2);
         MultiWriteObject mw = new MultiWriteObject(2);

         mr.setObject(0, tableId4, "object1-1".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
         mr.setObject(1, tableId5, "object2-1".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));

         JRamCloud.Object out[] = ramcloud.multiRead(mr.tableId, mr.key, mr.keyLength, 2);
         for (int i = 0 ; i < 2 ; i++){
             System.out.println("multi read object: key = [" + out[i].getKey() + "], value = ["
                     + out[i].getValue() + "]");
         }

         for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
             String key1 = "key1" + String.valueOf(i);
             String key2 = "key2" + String.valueOf(i);

             mw.setObject(0, tableId4, key1.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), "v0-value".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), null);
             mw.setObject(1, tableId5, key2.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), "v1".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), null);

             MultiWriteRspObject[] rsp = ramcloud.multiWrite(mw.tableId, mw.key, mw.keyLength, mw.value, mw.valueLength, 2, mw.rules);
             if (rsp != null) {
                 for (int j = 0; j < rsp.length; j++) {
                     System.out.println("multi write rsp(" + j + ") status:version " + rsp[j].getStatus() + ":" + rsp[j].getVersion());
                 }
             }
         }
         for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
             String key1 = "key1" + String.valueOf(i);
             String key2 = "key2" + String.valueOf(i);

             mr.setObject(0, tableId4, key1.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
             mr.setObject(1, tableId5, key2.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));

             out = ramcloud.multiRead(mr.tableId, mr.key, mr.keyLength, 2);
             for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
                 System.out.println("multi read object: key = [" + out[j].getKey() + "], value = [" + out[j].getValue() + "]");
             }
         }

         tableEnumeratorTest(ramcloud);

         ramcloud.dropTable("table4");
         ramcloud.dropTable("table5");
         ramcloud.dropTable("table6");
         ramcloud.disconnect();
     }
 }
	/* Copyright (c) 2013 Stanford University
	*
	* Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
	* purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
	* copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
	*
	* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR(S) DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES
	* WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
	* MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR
	* ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
	* WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
	* ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
	* OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
	*/

	package edu.stanford.ramcloud;
	import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
	import java.util.Arrays;
	import java.util.LinkedList;

	import org.slf4j.Logger;
	import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

	/*
	* This class provides Java bindings for RAMCloud. Right now it is a rather
	* simple subset of what RamCloud.h defines.
	*
	* Running ``javah'' on this file will generate a C header file with the
	* appropriate JNI function definitions. The glue interfacing to the C++
	* RAMCloud library can be found in JRamCloud.cc.
	*
	* For JNI information, the IBM tutorials and Android developer docs are much
	* better than Sun's at giving an overall intro:
	* http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/java/tutorials/j-jni/section4.html
	* http://developer.android.com/training/articles/perf-jni.html
	*/
	public class JRamCloud {
	private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JRamCloud.class);

	static {
	try {
	System.loadLibrary("edu_stanford_ramcloud_JRamCloud");
	} catch (UnsatisfiedLinkError e) {
	System.err.println("Unable to load JNI binding. Please build RAMCloud Java bindings.");
	log.error("Unable to load JNI binding. Please build RAMCloud Java bindings.", e);
	System.exit(-1);
	}
	}

	public static final long VERSION_NONEXISTENT = 0L;

	/// Pointer to the underlying C++ RAMCloud object associated with this
	/// object.
	private long ramcloudObjectPointer = 0;

	/**
	* See src/RejectRules.h.
	*/
	public static class RejectRules {
	// these needs to be in sync with JNI code;
	public static final int DoesntExist = 1;
	public static final int Exists = 1 << 1;
	public static final int VersionLeGiven = 1 << 2;
	public static final int VersionNeGiven = 1 << 3;

	protected long givenVersion;
	protected int flags;

	public RejectRules() {
	clear();
	}

	public void clear() {
	this.givenVersion = VERSION_NONEXISTENT;
	this.flags = 0x0;
	}

	public RejectRules set(int flags, long version) {
	this.flags = flags;
	this.givenVersion = version;
	return this;
	}

	public RejectRules set(int flags) {
	return set(flags,VERSION_NONEXISTENT);
	}

	public RejectRules rejectIfLeVersion(long version) {
	setVersion(version);
	this.flags \|= VersionLeGiven;
	return this;
	}

	public RejectRules rejectIfExists() {
	this.flags \|= Exists;
	return this;
	}

	public RejectRules rejectIfDoesntExists() {
	this.flags \|= DoesntExist;
	return this;
	}

	public RejectRules rejectIfNeVersion(long version) {
	setVersion(version);
	this.flags \|= VersionNeGiven;
	return this;
	}

	private void setVersion(long version) {
	this.givenVersion = version;
	}
	}

	public static class MultiReadObject {
	public long[] tableId;
	public byte[] key[];
	public short[] keyLength;

	public MultiReadObject(int size){
	this.tableId = new long[size];
	this.key = new byte[size][];
	this.keyLength = new short[size];
	}

	public void setObject(int num, long tableId, byte key[]){
	this.tableId[num] = tableId;
	this.key[num] = key;
	this.keyLength[num] = (short) this.key[num].length;
	}
	}

	public static class MultiWriteObject {
	public long[] tableId;
	public byte[] key[];
	public short[] keyLength;
	public byte[] value[];
	public int[] valueLength;
	public RejectRules[] rules;

	public MultiWriteObject(int size) {
	this.tableId = new long[size];
	this.key = new byte[size][];
	this.keyLength = new short[size];
	this.value = new byte[size][];
	this.valueLength = new int[size];
	this.rules = new RejectRules[size];
	}

	public void setObject(int num, long tableId, byte key[], byte value[], RejectRules rules){
	this.tableId[num] = tableId;
	this.key[num] = key;
	this.keyLength[num] = (short) key.length;
	this.value[num] = value;
	this.valueLength[num] = value.length;
	this.rules[num] = rules;
	}

	}

	public static class MultiWriteRspObject {
	private int status;
	private long version;

	public MultiWriteRspObject(int status, long version) {
	this.status = status;
	this.version = version;
	}
	public int getStatus() {
	return status;
	}

	public long getVersion() {
	return version;
	}
	}

	/**
	* This class is returned by Read operations. It encapsulates the entire
	* object, including the key, value, and version.
	*
	* It mostly exists because Java doesn't support primitive out parameters
	* or multiple return values, and we don't know the object's size ahead of
	* time, so passing in a fixed-length array would be problematic.
	*/
	public static class Object {
	Object(byte[] _key, byte[] _value, long _version)
	{
	key = _key;
	value = _value;
	version = _version;
	}

	public String
	getKey()
	{
	return new String(key,StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
	}

	public String
	getValue()
	{
	return new String(value,StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
	}

	final public byte[] key;
	final public byte[] value;
	final public long version;
	}

	public static class TableEnumeratorObject {
	TableEnumeratorObject(Object[] _object, long _nextHash)
	{
	object = _object;
	nextHash = _nextHash;
	}

	final public Object[] object;
	final public long nextHash;
	}

	@Deprecated
	public class TableEnumerator {
	private long tableEnumeratorObjectPointer = 0;
	private long ramCloudObjectPointer = 0;

	public TableEnumerator(long tableId)
	{
	ramCloudObjectPointer = ramcloudObjectPointer;
	tableEnumeratorObjectPointer = init(tableId);
	}

	private native long init(long tableId);
	public native boolean hasNext();
	public native Object next();
	}

	public class TableEnumerator2 {

	protected long tableId;
	protected LinkedList<JRamCloud.Object> rcobjs = null;
	protected long nextHash = 0;
	protected boolean done = false;

	public TableEnumerator2(long tableId)
	{
	this.tableId = tableId;
	rcobjs = new LinkedList<>();
	}
	public boolean hasNext() {
	if (rcobjs.isEmpty())
	{
	if (done) {
	return false;
	}
	JRamCloud.TableEnumeratorObject o = getTableObjects(this.tableId, this.nextHash);
	if (o.nextHash == 0L) {
	done = true;
	}
	this.nextHash = o.nextHash;
	rcobjs.addAll(Arrays.asList(o.object));
	if (rcobjs.isEmpty()) {
	return false;
	}
	}
	return true;
	}

	public Object next()
	{
	return rcobjs.pop();
	}
	}

	/**
	* Connect to the RAMCloud cluster specified by the given coordinator's
	* service locator string. This causes the JNI code to instantiate the
	* underlying RamCloud C++ object.
	*/
	public
	JRamCloud(String coordinatorLocator, String clusterName)
	{
	ramcloudObjectPointer = connect(coordinatorLocator, clusterName);
	}

	public
	JRamCloud(String coordinatorLocator)
	{
	this(coordinatorLocator, "main");
	}

	/**
	* Disconnect from the RAMCloud cluster. This causes the JNI code to
	* destroy the underlying RamCloud C++ object.
	*/
	public void
	disconnect()
	{
	if (ramcloudObjectPointer != 0) {
	disconnect(ramcloudObjectPointer);
	ramcloudObjectPointer = 0;
	}
	}

	/**
	* This method is called by the garbage collector before destroying the
	* object. The user really should have called disconnect, but in case
	* they did not, be sure to clean up after them.
	*/
	@Override
	protected void
	finalize()
	{
	System.err.println("warning: JRamCloud::disconnect() was not called " +
	"prior to the finalizer. You should disconnect " +
	"your JRamCloud object when you're done with it.");
	disconnect();
	}

	/**
	* Convenience read() wrapper that take a String key argument.
	*/
	public Object
	read(long tableId, String key)
	{
	return read(tableId, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
	}

	/**
	* Convenience read() wrapper that take a String key argument.
	* @throws RejectRulesException
	*/
	public Object
	read(long tableId, String key, RejectRules rules) throws RejectRulesException
	{
	return read(tableId, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), rules);
	}

	/**
	* Convenience remove() wrapper that take a String key argument.
	*/
	public long
	remove(long tableId, String key)
	{
	return remove(tableId, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
	}

	/**
	* Convenience remove() wrapper that take a String key argument.
	* @throws RejectRulesException
	*/
	public long
	remove(long tableId, String key, RejectRules rules) throws RejectRulesException
	{
	return remove(tableId, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), rules);
	}

	/**
	* Convenience write() wrapper that take String key and value arguments.
	*/
	public long
	write(long tableId, String key, String value)
	{
	return write(tableId, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), value.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
	}

	/**
	* Convenience write() wrapper that take String key and value arguments.
	* @throws RejectRulesException
	*/
	public long
	write(long tableId, String key, String value, RejectRules rules) throws RejectRulesException
	{
	return write(tableId, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), value.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), rules);
	}

	/**
	* Convenience write() wrapper that takes a String key and a byte[] value
	* argument.
	*/
	public long
	write(long tableId, String key, byte[] value)
	{
	return write(tableId, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), value);
	}

	/**
	* Convenience write() wrapper that takes a String key and a byte[] value
	* argument.
	* @throws RejectRulesException
	*/
	public long
	write(long tableId, String key, byte[] value, RejectRules rules) throws RejectRulesException
	{
	return write(tableId, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), value, rules);
	}

	private static native long connect(String coordinatorLocator, String clusterName);
	private static native void disconnect(long ramcloudObjectPointer);

	public native long createTable(String name);
	public native long createTable(String name, int serverSpan);
	public native void dropTable(String name);
	public native long getTableId(String name);
	public native Object read(long tableId, byte[] key);
	public native Object read(long tableId, byte[] key, RejectRules rules) throws RejectRulesException;
	public native Object[] multiRead(long[] tableId, byte[] keydata[], short[] keyDataSize, int requestNum);
	public native long remove(long tableId, byte[] key);
	public native long remove(long tableId, byte[] key, RejectRules rules) throws RejectRulesException;
	public native long write(long tableId, byte[] key, byte[] value);
	public native long write(long tableId, byte[] key, byte[] value, RejectRules rules) throws RejectRulesException;
	public native MultiWriteRspObject[] multiWrite(long[] tableId, byte[] key[], short[] keyDataSize, byte[] value[], int[] valueDataSize, int requestNum, RejectRules[] rules);
	public native TableEnumeratorObject getTableObjects(long tableId, long nextHash);
	public native long increment(long tableId, byte[] key, long incrementValue) throws ObjectDoesntExistException;

	/*
	* The following exceptions may be thrown by the JNI functions:
	*/

	public static class TableDoesntExistException extends RuntimeException {
	public TableDoesntExistException(String message)
	{
	super(message);
	}
	}

	public static class ObjectDoesntExistException extends RejectRulesException {
	public ObjectDoesntExistException(String message)
	{
	super(message);
	}
	}

	public static class ObjectExistsException extends RejectRulesException {
	public ObjectExistsException(String message)
	{
	super(message);
	}
	}

	public static class WrongVersionException extends RejectRulesException {
	public WrongVersionException(String message)
	{
	super(message);
	}
	}

	public static class InvalidObjectException extends RuntimeException {
	public InvalidObjectException(String message) {
	super(message);
	}
	}

	public static class RejectRulesException extends Exception {
	public RejectRulesException(String message) {
	super(message);
	}
	}

	// TODO Define and support some of ClientException sub-classes.
	public static class ClientException extends Exception {
	public ClientException(String message) {
	super(message);
	}
	}

	public static void tableEnumeratorTest(JRamCloud ramcloud) {
	long startTime = 0;
	for (int x = 0 ; x < 2 ; x ++){
	for(int N = 1000; N < 10000; N += 1000) {
	long EnumerateTesttable = ramcloud.createTable("EnumerateTest");
	for(int i = 0 ; i < N ; ++i) {
	String key = String.valueOf(i);
	ramcloud.write(EnumerateTesttable, key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), "Hello, World!".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
	}

	long tableIdList[] = new long[N];
	byte[] keydata[] = new byte[N][];
	short keydataSize[] = new short[N];
	startTime = System.nanoTime();
	for (int j = 0 ; j < N ; ++j) {
	tableIdList[j] = EnumerateTesttable;
	String key = String.valueOf(j);
	keydata[j] = key.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
	keydataSize[j] = (short) keydata[j].length;
	}
	JRamCloud.Object out[] = ramcloud.multiRead(tableIdList, keydata, keydataSize, N);
	for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
	if(out[i].version == 0) {
	System.out.println("Verify fail " + out[i].getKey() + " V:" + out[i].getValue());
	}
	}

	System.out.println("multiRead : " + N + " Time : " + (System.nanoTime()-startTime));

	startTime = System.nanoTime();
	JRamCloud.TableEnumerator tableEnum = ramcloud.new TableEnumerator(EnumerateTesttable);
	while (tableEnum.hasNext()) {
	Object tableEntry = tableEnum.next();
	if (tableEntry != null) {
	System.out.println("tableEnumerator object: key = [" + tableEntry.getKey() + "], value = [" + tableEntry.getValue() + "]");
	}
	}
	System.out.println("old TableEnumerator : " + N + " Time : " + (System.nanoTime()-startTime));

	startTime = System.nanoTime();
	JRamCloud.TableEnumerator2 tableEnum2 = ramcloud.new TableEnumerator2(EnumerateTesttable);
	while (tableEnum2.hasNext()) {
	Object tableEntry2 = tableEnum2.next();
	if (tableEntry2 != null) {
	System.out.println("tableEnumerator2 object: key = [" + tableEntry2.getKey() + "], value = [" + tableEntry2.getValue() + "]");
	}
	}
	System.out.println("new TableEnumerator : " + N + " Time : " + (System.nanoTime()-startTime));
	ramcloud.dropTable("EnumerateTest");
	}
	}
	}
	/**
	* A simple end-to-end test of the java bindings.
	*/
	public static void
	main(String argv[])
	{
	JRamCloud ramcloud = new JRamCloud(argv[0]);
	long tableId = ramcloud.createTable("hi");
	System.out.println("created table, id = " + tableId);
	long tableId2 = ramcloud.getTableId("hi");
	System.out.println("getTableId says tableId = " + tableId2);

	System.out.println("wrote obj version = " +
	ramcloud.write(tableId, "thisIsTheKey", "thisIsTheValue"));

	JRamCloud.Object o = ramcloud.read(tableId, "thisIsTheKey");
	System.out.println("read object: key = [" + o.getKey() + "], value = ["
	+ o.getValue() + "], version = " + o.version);

	ramcloud.remove(tableId, "thisIsTheKey");

	try {
	ramcloud.read(tableId, "thisIsTheKey");
	System.out.println("Error: shouldn't have read successfully!");
	} catch (Exception e) {
	// OK
	}

	ramcloud.write(tableId, "thisIsTheKey", "thisIsTheValue");

	long before = System.nanoTime();
	for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
	@SuppressWarnings("unused")
	JRamCloud.Object unused = ramcloud.read(tableId, "thisIsTheKey");
	}
	long after = System.nanoTime();
	System.out.println("Avg read latency: " +
	((double)(after - before) / 1000 / 1000) + " usec");

	// multiRead test
	long tableId4 = ramcloud.createTable("table4");
	System.out.println("table4 id " + tableId4);
	ramcloud.write(tableId4, "object1-1", "value:1-1");
	ramcloud.write(tableId4, "object1-2", "value:1-2");
	ramcloud.write(tableId4, "object1-3", "value:1-3");
	long tableId5 = ramcloud.createTable("table5");
	System.out.println("table5 id " + tableId5);
	ramcloud.write(tableId5, "object2-1", "value:2-1");
	long tableId6 = ramcloud.createTable("table6");
	ramcloud.write(tableId6, "object3-1", "value:3-1");
	ramcloud.write(tableId6, "object3-2", "value:3-2");

	MultiReadObject mr = new MultiReadObject(2);
	MultiWriteObject mw = new MultiWriteObject(2);

	mr.setObject(0, tableId4, "object1-1".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
	mr.setObject(1, tableId5, "object2-1".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));

	JRamCloud.Object out[] = ramcloud.multiRead(mr.tableId, mr.key, mr.keyLength, 2);
	for (int i = 0 ; i < 2 ; i++){
	System.out.println("multi read object: key = [" + out[i].getKey() + "], value = ["
	+ out[i].getValue() + "]");
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
	String key1 = "key1" + String.valueOf(i);
	String key2 = "key2" + String.valueOf(i);

	mw.setObject(0, tableId4, key1.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), "v0-value".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), null);
	mw.setObject(1, tableId5, key2.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), "v1".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), null);

	MultiWriteRspObject[] rsp = ramcloud.multiWrite(mw.tableId, mw.key, mw.keyLength, mw.value, mw.valueLength, 2, mw.rules);
	if (rsp != null) {
	for (int j = 0; j < rsp.length; j++) {
	System.out.println("multi write rsp(" + j + ") status:version " + rsp[j].getStatus() + ":" + rsp[j].getVersion());
	}
	}
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
	String key1 = "key1" + String.valueOf(i);
	String key2 = "key2" + String.valueOf(i);

	mr.setObject(0, tableId4, key1.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
	mr.setObject(1, tableId5, key2.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));

	out = ramcloud.multiRead(mr.tableId, mr.key, mr.keyLength, 2);
	for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
	System.out.println("multi read object: key = [" + out[j].getKey() + "], value = [" + out[j].getValue() + "]");
	}
	}

	tableEnumeratorTest(ramcloud);

	ramcloud.dropTable("table4");
	ramcloud.dropTable("table5");
	ramcloud.dropTable("table6");
	ramcloud.disconnect();
	}
	}