| <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> |
| <html><head><title>Apache Felix</title> |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| <link rel="stylesheet" href="maven-bundle-plugin-bnd_files/site.css" type="text/css" media="all"> |
| <link rel="stylesheet" href="maven-bundle-plugin-bnd_files/print.html" type="text/css" media="print"> |
| <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"></head><body> |
| <div class="title"> |
| <img alt="Logo" src="maven-bundle-plugin-bnd_files/apache-felix-small.png" align="right"> |
| </div> |
| <div class="menu"> |
| <ul> |
| <li><a href="http://cwiki.apache.org/FELIX/index.html">home</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://cwiki.apache.org/FELIX/news.html">news</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://cwiki.apache.org/FELIX/status.html">status</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://cwiki.apache.org/FELIX/license.html">license</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://cwiki.apache.org/FELIX/downloads.html">downloads</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://cwiki.apache.org/FELIX/documentation.html">documentation</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://cwiki.apache.org/FELIX/committers.html">committers</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://cwiki.apache.org/FELIX/mailinglists.html">mailing lists</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://cwiki.apache.org/FELIX/faq.html">faq</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://cwiki.apache.org/FELIX/roadmap.html">roadmap</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://cwiki.apache.org/FELIX/sourcecode.html">source code</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://cwiki.apache.org/FELIX/codingstandards.html">coding standards</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://cwiki.apache.org/FELIX/issuetracking.html">issue tracking</a></li> |
| <li><a href="http://cwiki.apache.org/FELIX/dependencies.html">dependencies</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| <div class="main"> |
| <h1><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-BundlePluginforMaven"></a>Bundle Plugin for Maven</h1> |
| |
| <p>This plugin for Maven 2 is based on the <span class="nobr"><a href="http://www.aqute.biz/Code/Bnd" title="Visit page outside Confluence" rel="nofollow">BND<sup><img class="rendericon" src="maven-bundle-plugin-bnd_files/linkext7.gif" alt="" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="7" width="7"></sup></a></span> |
| tool from Peter Kriens. The way BND works is by treating your project |
| as a big collection of classes (e.g., project code, dependencies, and |
| the class path). The way you create a bundle with BND is to tell it the |
| content of the bundle's JAR file as a subset of the available classes. |
| This plugin wraps BND to make it work specifically with the Maven 2 |
| project structure and to provide it with reasonable default behavior |
| for Maven 2 projects.</p> |
| |
| <p><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-simpleexample"></a></p> |
| |
| <h1><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-SimpleExample"></a>Simple Example</h1> |
| |
| <p>Rather than going straight to a detailed list of plugin features, we |
| will first look at a simple example of how to use the plugin to give an |
| immediate flavor. A detailed "<a href="#MavenBundlePlugin%2528BND%2529-howto" title="how-to on Maven Bundle Plugin (BND)">how to</a>" will follow.</p> |
| |
| <p>Assume that we have a simple bundle project that has a pubic API package an several implementation packages, such as:</p> |
| <div class="preformatted"><div class="preformattedContent"> |
| <pre>org.foo.myproject.api |
| org.foo.myproject.impl1 |
| org.foo.myproject.impl2 |
| ... |
| </pre> |
| </div></div> |
| <p>If we also assume that we have a bundle activator in one of the implementation packages, then the <tt><plugins></tt> section of the POM file for this bundle project would look like this:</p> |
| <div class="preformatted"><div class="preformattedContent"> |
| <pre>... |
| <plugins> |
| <plugin> |
| <groupId>org.apache.felix</groupId> |
| <artifactId>maven-bundle-plugin</artifactId> |
| <extensions>true</extensions> |
| <configuration> |
| <instructions> |
| <Export-Package>org.foo.myproject.api</Export-Package> |
| <Private-Package>org.foo.myproject.*</Private-Package> |
| <Bundle-Activator>org.foo.myproject.impl1.Activator</Bundle-Activator> |
| </instructions> |
| </configuration> |
| </plugin> |
| </plugins> |
| ... |
| </pre> |
| </div></div> |
| <p>The <tt><Export-Package></tt> and <tt><Private-Package></tt> instructions tell the plugin about the contents of the resulting bundle JAR file. The <tt><Export-Package></tt> instruction tells the plugin which of the available packages to copy into the bundle <b>and</b> export, while the <tt><Private-Package></tt> instruction indicates which of the available packages to copy into the bundle <b>but not</b> |
| export. If the two sets overlap, as they do in the case, then the |
| export takes precedence. Since we did not specify any values for any |
| other bundle manifest headers, they will assume default values which |
| are described <a href="#MavenBundlePlugin%2528BND%2529-defaultbehavior" title="default-behavior on Maven Bundle Plugin (BND)">below</a>. One specific behavior to highlight is that the plugin generates the <tt>Import-Package</tt> |
| bundle manifest header based on the contents of the bundle, which means |
| that you generally do not ever need to explicitly specify it yourself. |
| That's it.</p> |
| |
| <h1><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-Features"></a>Features</h1> |
| |
| <p>The BND library underlying the plugin defines instructions to direct |
| its behavior. For this Maven plugin, these instructions are issued in |
| the plugin configuration section of the POM file, as was illustrated <a href="#MavenBundlePlugin%2528BND%2529-simpleexample" title="simple-example on Maven Bundle Plugin (BND)">above</a>. BND recognizes three types of instructions:</p> |
| <ol> |
| <li><em>Manifest headers</em> - Any instruction that starts with |
| a capital letter will appear in the resulting bundle's manifest file; |
| the value for the header will either be copied, augmented, or generated |
| by BND depending on the instruction.</li> |
| <li><em>Variables</em> - Any instruction starting with a lowercase letter is assumed to be a variable in the form of a name-value pair, such as <tt>version=3.0</tt>, that can be used for property substitution, but is not copied to the manifest.</li> |
| <li><em>Directives</em> |
| - Any instruction starting with a '-' character is considered to be a |
| directive that informs BND to perform some special processing and is |
| not copied to the manifest.</li> |
| </ol> |
| |
| |
| <p>The remainder of this section covers the most important aspects of BND's instructions; for complete details refer to the <span class="nobr"><a href="http://www.aqute.biz/Code/Bnd" title="Visit page outside Confluence" rel="nofollow">BND documentation<sup><img class="rendericon" src="maven-bundle-plugin-bnd_files/linkext7.gif" alt="" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="7" width="7"></sup></a></span>.</p> |
| |
| <p><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-instructions"></a></p> |
| |
| <h2><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-Instructions"></a>Instructions</h2> |
| |
| |
| <h3><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-{{<ExportPackage>}}"></a><tt><Export-Package></tt></h3> |
| |
| <p>The <tt><Export-Package></tt> instruction is a list of |
| packages for the bundle to export. These packages are copied into the |
| resulting bundle JAR file from the available classes (i.e., project |
| classes, dependencies, and class path); thus, it is possible to include |
| classes into your bundle that are not associated with source files in |
| your project. <tt><Export-Package></tt> can be specified with |
| package patterns using the '*' wildcard. Also, it is possible to |
| exclude packages using negation by starting the package pattern with |
| '!'. Thus, non-negated patterns indicate which of the available |
| packages to include in the bundle, whereas negated patterns indicate |
| which should not be included in the bundle.</p> |
| |
| <p>The list of package patterns is ordered and earlier patterns are applied before later patterns. For example, if you specify "<tt>org.foo.*,!org.foo.impl</tt>" the second pattern has no effect since all <tt>org.foo</tt> packages have already been selected by the first pattern. Instead, you should specify "<tt>!org.foo.impl,org.foo.*</tt>", which will export all <tt>org.foo</tt> packages except <tt>org.foo.impl</tt>.</p> |
| |
| <p>Following standard OSGi R4 syntax, package patterns can include both |
| directives and attributes, which will be copied appropriately into the |
| generated Export-Package manifest header. Besides explicitly listing |
| package version attributes, BND will also determine package versions by |
| examining the source JAR file or from <tt>packageinfo</tt> files in the package directory.</p> |
| |
| <h3><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-{{<PrivatePackage>}}"></a><tt><Private-Package></tt></h3> |
| |
| <p>The <tt><Private-Package></tt> instruction is similar in every way to the <tt><Export-Package></tt> instruction, except for the fact that these packages will <b>not</b> |
| be exported by the bundle. If a package is selected by both the export |
| and private package headers, then the export takes precedence.</p> |
| |
| <h3><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-{{<IncludeResource>}}"></a><tt><Include-Resource></tt></h3> |
| |
| <p>The <tt><Include-Resource></tt> instruction is a list of |
| arbitrary resources that should be copied into the bundle JAR file. The |
| specified resources are declared as clauses that can have the following |
| forms:</p> |
| <div class="preformatted"><div class="preformattedContent"> |
| <pre>clause ::= assignment | inline | simple |
| assignment ::= PATH '=' PATH |
| simple ::= PATH |
| inline ::= '@' PATH |
| </pre> |
| </div></div> |
| <p>For the <tt><Include-Resource></tt> instruction, actual file paths are relative to the <tt>pom.xml</tt>, while file copy destinations are relative to the root of the resulting bundle JAR file. In the case of <tt>assignment</tt> or <tt>simple</tt> forms, the <tt>PATH</tt> parameter can point to a file or directory. The <tt>simple</tt> |
| form will place the resource in the bundle JAR with only the file name, |
| i.e., without any path component. For example, including <tt>src/main/resources/a/b.c</tt> will result in a resource <tt>b.c</tt> in the root of the bundle JAR. If the <tt>PATH</tt> |
| points to a directory, the entire directory hierarchy is copied into |
| the resulting bundle JAR file relative to the specified directory. If a |
| specific resource must be placed into a subdirectory of the bundle jar, |
| then use the <tt>assignment</tt> form, where the first path is the the |
| destination path (including file name if the resource is a file) and |
| the second path is the resource to copy. The <tt>inline</tt> form requires a ZIP or JAR file, which will be completely expanded in the bundle JAR.</p> |
| |
| <p>If a resource clause is specified inside of "{ ... }" brackets, then |
| variable substitution will be performed on the resource, where |
| variables in the resources are denoted with "${ ... }" syntax.</p> |
| |
| <h3><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-{{<ImportPackage>}}"></a><tt><Import-Package></tt></h3> |
| |
| <p>The <tt><Import-Package></tt> instruction is a list of |
| packages that are required by the bundle's contained packages. The |
| default for this header is "*", resulting in importing all referred |
| packages. This header rarely has to be explicitly specified. However, |
| in certain cases when there is an unwanted import, such an import can |
| be removed by using a negation package pattern. The package patterns |
| work in the same way as for <tt><Export-Package></tt>, which means they are ordered. For example, if you wanted to import all packages except <tt>org.foo.impl</tt> you would specify "<tt>!org.foo.impl,*</tt>"</p> |
| |
| <p><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-defaultbehavior"></a></p> |
| |
| <h2><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-DefaultBehavior"></a>Default Behavior</h2> |
| |
| <p>To use this plugin, very little information is required by BND. As |
| part of the Maven integration, the plugin tries to set reasonable |
| defaults for various instructions. For example:</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li><tt><Bundle-SymbolicName></tt> is assumed to be "<tt>${groupId}.${artifactId</tt>}".</li> |
| <li><tt><Export-Package></tt> is assumed to be "<tt>${groupId}.${artifactId}.*</tt>", unless <tt><Private-Package></tt> is specified, then <tt><Export-Package></tt> is assumed to be empty.</li> |
| <li><tt><Private-Package></tt> is assumed to be empty by default.</li> |
| <li><tt><Import-Package></tt> is assumed to be "<tt>*</tt>", which imports everything referred to by the bundle content, but not contained in the bundle.</li> |
| <li><tt><Include-Resource></tt> is assumed to be "<tt>src/main/resources/</tt>", |
| which will copy the specified project directory hierarchy into the |
| resulting bundle JAR file, mirroring standard Maven behavior.</li> |
| <li><tt><Bundle-Version></tt> is assumed to be "<tt>${pom.version</tt>}" with '-' character separator of the qualifier replaced with a '.' character.</li> |
| <li><tt><Bundle-Name></tt> is assumed to be "<tt>${pom.name</tt>}".</li> |
| <li><tt><Bundle-Description></tt> is assumed to be "<tt>${pom.description</tt>}".</li> |
| <li><tt><Bundle-License></tt> is assumed to be "<tt>${pom.licenses</tt>}".</li> |
| <li><tt><Bundle-Vendor></tt> is assumed to be "<tt>${pom.organization.name</tt>}".</li> |
| <li><tt><Bundle-DocURL></tt> is assumed to be "<tt>${pom.organization.url</tt>}".</li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| |
| <p>Since the plugin creates bundles for OSGi R4, it hard codes <tt>Bundle-ManifestVersion</tt> |
| to be '2'. Additionally, it generates imports for every export to |
| ensure package substitutability, which is very important when working |
| with collaborating services. It is possible to override any of these |
| values (except <tt>Bundle-ManifestVersion</tt>) just by specifying the desired value in the plugin configuration section of the POM file.</p> |
| |
| <p><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-howto"></a></p> |
| |
| <h1><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-Detailed"HowTo""></a>Detailed "How To"</h1> |
| |
| <h2><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-GetMaven2"></a>Get Maven2</h2> |
| |
| <p>The first step in the process of using the plugin is downloading and |
| installing the latest version of the Maven2 runtime. The latest Maven2 |
| release and instuctions for getting started with Maven2 can be found at |
| the <span class="nobr"><a href="http://maven.apache.org/index.html" title="Visit page outside Confluence" rel="nofollow">Maven website<sup><img class="rendericon" src="maven-bundle-plugin-bnd_files/linkext7.gif" alt="" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="7" width="7"></sup></a></span>.</p> |
| |
| <h2><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-UsingthePlugin"></a>Using the Plugin</h2> |
| |
| <p>To use the maven-bundle-plugin, you first need to add the plugin and |
| some appropriate plugin configuration to your bundle project's POM. |
| Below is an example of a simple OSGi bundle POM for Maven2:</p> |
| <div class="preformatted"><div class="preformattedContent"> |
| <pre><project> |
| <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> |
| <groupId>my-osgi-bundles</groupId> |
| <artifactId>examplebundle</artifactId> |
| <packaging>bundle</packaging> <!-- (1) --> |
| <version>1.0</version> |
| <name>Example Bundle</name> |
| <dependencies> |
| <dependency> |
| <groupId>org.apache.felix</groupId> |
| <artifactId>org.osgi.core</artifactId> |
| <version>0.8.0-incubator</version> |
| </dependency> |
| </dependencies> |
| <build> |
| <plugins> |
| <plugin> <!-- (2) START --> |
| <groupId>org.apache.felix</groupId> |
| <artifactId>maven-bundle-plugin</artifactId> |
| <extensions>true</extensions> |
| <configuration> |
| <instructions> |
| <Export-Package>com.my.company.api</Export-Package> |
| <Private-Package>com.my.company.*</Private-Package> |
| <Bundle-Activator>com.my.company.Activator</Bundle-Activator> |
| </instructions> |
| </configuration> |
| </plugin> <!-- (2) END --> |
| </plugins> |
| </build> |
| <repositories> |
| <repository> <!-- (3) START --> |
| <id>apache.m2.incubator</id> |
| <name>Apache M2 Incubator Repository</name> |
| <url>http://people.apache.org/repo/m2-incubating-repository/</url> |
| </repository> <!-- (3) END --> |
| </repositories> |
| <pluginRepositories> |
| <pluginRepository> <!-- (4) START --> |
| <id>apache.m2.incubator</id> |
| <name>Apache M2 Incubator Repository</name> |
| <url>http://people.apache.org/repo/m2-incubating-repository/</url> |
| </pluginRepository> <!-- (4) END --> |
| </pluginRepositories> |
| </project> |
| </pre> |
| </div></div> |
| <p>There are four main things to note: (1) the <tt><packaging></tt> |
| specifier must be "bundle", (2) the plugin and configuration must be |
| specified (the configuration section is where you will issue |
| instructions to the plugin), and the snapshot repository to resolve |
| dependencies (3) and plugins (4).</p> |
| |
| <h2><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-RealWorldExample"></a>Real-World Example</h2> |
| |
| <p>Consider this more real-world example using Felix' Log Service |
| implementation. The Log Service project is comprised of a single |
| package: <tt>org.apache.felix.log.impl</tt>. It has a dependency on |
| the core OSGi interfaces as well as a dependency on the compendium OSGi |
| interfaces for the specific log service interfaces. The following is |
| its POM file:</p> |
| <div class="preformatted"><div class="preformattedContent"> |
| <pre><project> |
| <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> |
| <groupId>org.apache.felix</groupId> |
| <artifactId>org.apache.felix.log</artifactId> |
| <packaging>bundle</packaging> |
| <name>Apache Felix Log Service</name> |
| <version>0.8.0-SNAPSHOT</version> |
| <description> |
| This bundle provides an implementation of the OSGi R4 Log service. |
| </description> |
| <dependencies> |
| <dependency> |
| <groupId>${pom.groupId}</groupId> |
| <artifactId>org.osgi.core</artifactId> |
| <version>0.8.0-incubator</version> |
| </dependency> |
| <dependency> |
| <groupId>${pom.groupId}</groupId> |
| <artifactId>org.osgi.compendium</artifactId> |
| <version>0.9.0-incubator-SNAPSHOT</version> |
| </dependency> |
| </dependencies> |
| <build> |
| <plugins> |
| <plugin> |
| <groupId>org.apache.felix</groupId> |
| <artifactId>maven-bundle-plugin</artifactId> |
| <extensions>true</extensions> |
| <configuration> |
| <instructions> |
| <Export-Package>org.osgi.service.log</Export-Package> |
| <Private-Package>org.apache.felix.log.impl</Private-Package> |
| <Bundle-SymbolicName>${pom.artifactId}</Bundle-SymbolicName> |
| <Bundle-Activator>${pom.artifactId}.impl.Activator</Bundle-Activator> |
| <Export-Service>org.osgi.service.log.LogService,org.osgi.service.log.LogReaderService</Export-Service> |
| </instructions> |
| </configuration> |
| </plugin> |
| </plugins> |
| </build> |
| <repositories> |
| <repository> |
| <id>apache.m2.incubator</id> |
| <name>Apache M2 Incubator Repository</name> |
| <url>http://people.apache.org/repo/m2-incubating-repository/</url> |
| </repository> |
| </repositories> |
| <pluginRepositories> |
| <pluginRepository> |
| <id>apache.m2.incubator</id> |
| <name>Apache M2 Incubator Repository</name> |
| <url>http://people.apache.org/repo/m2-incubating-repository/</url> |
| </pluginRepository> |
| </pluginRepositories> |
| </project> |
| </pre> |
| </div></div> |
| <p>Notice that the <tt><Export-Package></tt> instruction |
| specifies that the bundle exports the Log Service package, even though |
| this package is not contained in the bundle project. By declaring this, |
| the plugin will copy the Log Service package into the resulting bundle |
| JAR file. This is useful in this case because now the bundle can |
| resolve without having to download the entire compendium bundle. The |
| resulting manifest for the Log Service bundle looks like this (notice |
| how the imports/exports automatically have version information |
| associated with them, which was obtained from packageinfo files in the |
| source packages):</p> |
| <div class="preformatted"><div class="preformattedContent"> |
| <pre>Manifest-Version: 1 |
| Bundle-License: http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt |
| Bundle-Activator: org.apache.felix.log.impl.Activator |
| Import-Package: org.osgi.framework;version=1.3, org.osgi.service.log;v |
| ersion=1.3 |
| Include-Resource: src/main/resources |
| Export-Package: org.osgi.service.log;uses:=org.osgi.framework;version= |
| 1.3 |
| Bundle-Version: 0.8.0.SNAPSHOT |
| Bundle-Name: Apache Felix Log Service |
| Bundle-Description: This bundle provides an implementation of the OSGi |
| R4 Log service. |
| Private-Package: org.apache.felix.log.impl |
| Bundle-ManifestVersion: 2 |
| Export-Service: org.osgi.service.log.LogService,org.osgi.service.log.L |
| ogReaderService |
| Bundle-SymbolicName: org.apache.felix.log |
| </pre> |
| </div></div> |
| <p>The resulting bundle JAR file has the following content (notice how |
| the LICENSE and NOTICE files were automatically copied from the <tt>src/main/resources/</tt> directory of the project):</p> |
| <div class="preformatted"><div class="preformattedContent"> |
| <pre>META-INF/MANIFEST.MF |
| LICENSE |
| META-INF/ |
| META-INF/maven/ |
| META-INF/maven/org.apache.felix/ |
| META-INF/maven/org.apache.felix/org.apache.felix.log/ |
| META-INF/maven/org.apache.felix/org.apache.felix.log/pom.properties |
| META-INF/maven/org.apache.felix/org.apache.felix.log/pom.xml |
| NOTICE |
| org/ |
| org/apache/ |
| org/apache/felix/ |
| org/apache/felix/log/ |
| org/apache/felix/log/impl/ |
| org/apache/felix/log/impl/Activator.class |
| org/apache/felix/log/impl/Log.class |
| org/apache/felix/log/impl/LogEntryImpl.class |
| org/apache/felix/log/impl/LogException.class |
| org/apache/felix/log/impl/LogListenerThread.class |
| org/apache/felix/log/impl/LogNode.class |
| org/apache/felix/log/impl/LogNodeEnumeration.class |
| org/apache/felix/log/impl/LogReaderServiceFactory.class |
| org/apache/felix/log/impl/LogReaderServiceImpl.class |
| org/apache/felix/log/impl/LogServiceFactory.class |
| org/apache/felix/log/impl/LogServiceImpl.class |
| org/osgi/ |
| org/osgi/service/ |
| org/osgi/service/log/ |
| org/osgi/service/log/LogEntry.class |
| org/osgi/service/log/LogListener.class |
| org/osgi/service/log/LogReaderService.class |
| org/osgi/service/log/LogService.class |
| org/osgi/service/log/package.html |
| org/osgi/service/log/packageinfo |
| </pre> |
| </div></div> |
| |
| <h2><a name="MavenBundlePlugin(BND)-BuildingthePlugin"></a>Building the Plugin</h2> |
| |
| <p>The plugin is hosted at the Apache Felix incubator project. The |
| following steps describe how to build and install the plugin into your |
| local Maven2 repository.</p> |
| |
| <p>Using the SVN client of your choice, checkout the maven-bundle-plugin project.</p> |
| <div class="preformatted"><div class="preformattedContent"> |
| <pre>$ svn co http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/felix/trunk/tools/maven2/maven-bundle-plugin |
| </pre> |
| </div></div> |
| <p>Using Maven2, build and install the maven-bundle-plugin by issuing |
| the following Maven2 command in the project directory that was created |
| as a result of the previous step.</p> |
| <div class="preformatted"><div class="preformattedContent"> |
| <pre>$ mvn install |
| </pre> |
| </div></div> |
| </div> |
| |
| </body></html> |