diff --git a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/foot/foot.css
similarity index 69%
copy from apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css
copy to apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/foot/foot.css
index 68f6985..193e4c5 100644
--- a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css
+++ b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/foot/foot.css
@@ -14,11 +14,24 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, div, a {
-    padding: 0;
-    margin: 0;
+div.foot {
+    width: 100%;
+    height: 20px;
+    background-color: gray;
+    position: absolute;
+    bottom: 0;
 }
 
-h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, a {
-    font-family: "Lucida Grande", "Droid Sans", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
+.foot div {
+    position: absolute;
+    top: 50%;
+    transform: translate(0, -50%);
+}
+
+.foot div.left {
+    left: 25px;
+}
+
+.foot div.right {
+    right: 25px;
 }
diff --git a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/sub/sub.html b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/foot/foot.html
similarity index 80%
copy from apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/sub/sub.html
copy to apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/foot/foot.html
index c56616a..4c09fd9 100644
--- a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/sub/sub.html
+++ b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/foot/foot.html
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html>
 <!--
   ~ Copyright 2015 Open Networking Laboratory
   ~
@@ -15,13 +14,12 @@
   ~ limitations under the License.
   -->
 
-<html>
-<head lang="en">
-    <meta charset="UTF-8">
-    <title></title>
-</head>
-<body>
-<h2>Subscriptions Page</h2>
+<div class="foot">
+    <div class="left">
 
-</body>
-</html>
\ No newline at end of file
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="right">
+
+    </div>
+</div>
diff --git a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/foot/foot.js
similarity index 76%
copy from apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css
copy to apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/foot/foot.js
index 68f6985..fdaabb8 100644
--- a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css
+++ b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/foot/foot.js
@@ -14,11 +14,10 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, div, a {
-    padding: 0;
-    margin: 0;
-}
-
-h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, a {
-    font-family: "Lucida Grande", "Droid Sans", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
-}
+angular.module('cordFoot', [])
+    .directive('foot', function () {
+        return {
+            restrict: 'E',
+            templateUrl: 'app/fw/foot/foot.html'
+        };
+    });
diff --git a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/mast/mast.css
similarity index 68%
copy from apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css
copy to apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/mast/mast.css
index 68f6985..4eb917f 100644
--- a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css
+++ b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/mast/mast.css
@@ -14,11 +14,24 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, div, a {
-    padding: 0;
-    margin: 0;
+div.mast {
+    width: 100%;
+    height: 50px;
+    background-color: gray;
+    position: relative;
+    margin-bottom: 2%;
 }
 
-h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, a {
-    font-family: "Lucida Grande", "Droid Sans", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
+.mast div {
+    position: absolute;
+    top: 50%;
+    transform: translate(0, -50%);
+}
+
+.mast div.left {
+    left: 25px;
+}
+
+.mast div.right {
+    right: 25px;
 }
diff --git a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/sub/sub.html b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/mast/mast.html
similarity index 80%
copy from apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/sub/sub.html
copy to apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/mast/mast.html
index c56616a..a6aae78 100644
--- a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/sub/sub.html
+++ b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/mast/mast.html
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html>
 <!--
   ~ Copyright 2015 Open Networking Laboratory
   ~
@@ -15,13 +14,14 @@
   ~ limitations under the License.
   -->
 
-<html>
-<head lang="en">
-    <meta charset="UTF-8">
-    <title></title>
-</head>
-<body>
-<h2>Subscriptions Page</h2>
+<!--Mast HTML-->
 
-</body>
-</html>
\ No newline at end of file
+<div class="mast">
+    <div class="left">
+        <h1>CORD</h1>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="right">
+
+    </div>
+</div>
diff --git a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/mast/mast.js
similarity index 76%
copy from apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css
copy to apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/mast/mast.js
index 68f6985..4ffb64d 100644
--- a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css
+++ b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/fw/mast/mast.js
@@ -14,11 +14,10 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, div, a {
-    padding: 0;
-    margin: 0;
-}
-
-h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, a {
-    font-family: "Lucida Grande", "Droid Sans", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
-}
+angular.module('cordMast', [])
+    .directive('mast', function () {
+        return {
+            restrict: 'E',
+            templateUrl: 'app/fw/mast/mast.html'
+        };
+    });
diff --git a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/sub/sub.html b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/bundle/bundle.html
similarity index 95%
rename from apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/sub/sub.html
rename to apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/bundle/bundle.html
index c56616a..06dbbbd 100644
--- a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/sub/sub.html
+++ b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/bundle/bundle.html
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
     <title></title>
 </head>
 <body>
-<h2>Subscriptions Page</h2>
+<h2>Subscriber Bundle</h2>
 
 </body>
 </html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/sub/sub.js b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/bundle/bundle.js
similarity index 72%
rename from apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/sub/sub.js
rename to apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/bundle/bundle.js
index 3fb2f3b..d4e0403 100644
--- a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/sub/sub.js
+++ b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/bundle/bundle.js
@@ -17,8 +17,10 @@
 (function () {
     'use strict';
 
-    angular.module('cordSub', [])
-        .controller('CordSubCtrl', ['$log', function ($log) {
-            $log.debug('Cord Sub Ctrl has been created.');
+    angular.module('cordBundle', [])
+        .controller('CordBundleCtrl', ['$log', function ($log) {
+            $log.debug('Cord Bundle Ctrl has been created.');
         }]);
+
+    // can have a directive here that uses templateUrl for editable and readonly
 }());
diff --git a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/common/common.css
similarity index 88%
rename from apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css
rename to apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/common/common.css
index 68f6985..a780a75 100644
--- a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css
+++ b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/common/common.css
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, div, a {
+head, body, footer, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, div, a {
     padding: 0;
     margin: 0;
 }
@@ -22,3 +22,7 @@
 h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, a {
     font-family: "Lucida Grande", "Droid Sans", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
 }
+
+#view h2 {
+    text-align: center;
+}
diff --git a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/home/home.html b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/home/home.html
index 2a85e83..b535e50 100644
--- a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/home/home.html
+++ b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/home/home.html
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
     <title></title>
 </head>
 <body>
-<h2>Home Page</h2>
+<h2>Dashboard</h2>
 
 </body>
 </html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/login/login.css
similarity index 77%
copy from apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css
copy to apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/login/login.css
index 68f6985..a23c612 100644
--- a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/common.css
+++ b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/login/login.css
@@ -14,11 +14,15 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, div, a {
-    padding: 0;
-    margin: 0;
+#login-header h2 {
+    margin: 1%;
 }
 
-h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, a {
-    font-family: "Lucida Grande", "Droid Sans", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
+div#login-form {
+    width: 135px;
+    margin: 0 auto;
+}
+
+#login-form form {
+    line-height: 150%;
 }
diff --git a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/login/login.html b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/login/login.html
index 337fb0f..399779d 100644
--- a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/login/login.html
+++ b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/login/login.html
@@ -21,10 +21,19 @@
     <title></title>
 </head>
 <body>
-<h2>Login Page</h2>
-<p>Hooray!</p>
-<br>
-<a href="#/home">Click to login</a>
+<div id="login-header">
+    <h2>Login to Subscriber Portal</h2>
+</div>
+
+<div id="login-form">
+    <form>
+        <input type="text" placeholder="email">
+        <br>
+        <input type="password" placeholder="password">
+        <br>
+        <a href="#/home"><input type="submit" value="Submit"></a>
+    </form>
+</div>
 
 </body>
 </html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/user/user.html b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/user/user.html
index 6cbafea..a90e701 100644
--- a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/user/user.html
+++ b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/user/user.html
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
     <title></title>
 </head>
 <body>
-<h2>Users Page</h2>
+<h2>Users</h2>
 
 </body>
 </html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/user/user.js b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/user/user.js
index 1dcce0a..12c2930 100644
--- a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/user/user.js
+++ b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/app/view/user/user.js
@@ -21,4 +21,6 @@
         .controller('CordUserCtrl', ['$log', function ($log) {
             $log.debug('Cord User Ctrl has been created.');
         }]);
+
+    // can have a directive here that uses templateUrl for editable and readonly
 }());
diff --git a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/cord.js b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/cord.js
index ec73b08..81d0d78 100644
--- a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/cord.js
+++ b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/cord.js
@@ -18,13 +18,15 @@
     'use strict';
 
     var modules = [
-            'ngRoute'
+            'ngRoute',
+            'cordMast',
+            'cordFoot'
         ],
         viewIds = [
             'login',
             'home',
             'user',
-            'sub'
+            'bundle'
         ],
         viewDependencies = [],
         dependencies;
diff --git a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/index.html b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/index.html
index 25c7da5..5db5d3d 100644
--- a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/index.html
+++ b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/index.html
@@ -23,23 +23,32 @@
 
     <script src="tp/angular.js"></script>
     <script src="tp/angular-route.js"></script>
+    <script src="tp/angular-animate.js"></script>
     <script src="tp/jquery-2.1.4.js"></script>
 
     <script src="cord.js"></script>
-    <link rel="stylesheet" href="common.css">
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="app/view/common/common.css">
+
+    <script src="app/fw/mast/mast.js"></script>
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="app/fw/mast/mast.css">
+    <script src="app/fw/foot/foot.js"></script>
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="app/fw/foot/foot.css">
 
     <script src="app/view/login/login.js"></script>
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="app/view/login/login.css">
 
     <script src="app/view/home/home.js"></script>
 
     <script src="app/view/user/user.js"></script>
 
-    <script src="app/view/sub/sub.js"></script>
+    <script src="app/view/bundle/bundle.js"></script>
 </head>
 <body ng-app="cordGui">
 <div id="frame" ng-controller="CordCtrl as cordCtrl"></div>
 
+<mast></mast>
 <div id="view" ng-view></div>
+<foot></foot>
 
 </body>
 </html>
diff --git a/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/tp/angular-animate.js b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/tp/angular-animate.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..761d622
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/demo/cord-gui/src/main/webapp/tp/angular-animate.js
@@ -0,0 +1,2136 @@
+/**
+ * @license AngularJS v1.3.5
+ * (c) 2010-2014 Google, Inc. http://angularjs.org
+ * License: MIT
+ */
+(function(window, angular, undefined) {'use strict';
+
+/* jshint maxlen: false */
+
+/**
+ * @ngdoc module
+ * @name ngAnimate
+ * @description
+ *
+ * The `ngAnimate` module provides support for JavaScript, CSS3 transition and CSS3 keyframe animation hooks within existing core and custom directives.
+ *
+ * <div doc-module-components="ngAnimate"></div>
+ *
+ * # Usage
+ *
+ * To see animations in action, all that is required is to define the appropriate CSS classes
+ * or to register a JavaScript animation via the myModule.animation() function. The directives that support animation automatically are:
+ * `ngRepeat`, `ngInclude`, `ngIf`, `ngSwitch`, `ngShow`, `ngHide`, `ngView` and `ngClass`. Custom directives can take advantage of animation
+ * by using the `$animate` service.
+ *
+ * Below is a more detailed breakdown of the supported animation events provided by pre-existing ng directives:
+ *
+ * | Directive                                                                                                | Supported Animations                                                     |
+ * |----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+ * | {@link ng.directive:ngRepeat#animations ngRepeat}                                                        | enter, leave and move                                                    |
+ * | {@link ngRoute.directive:ngView#animations ngView}                                                       | enter and leave                                                          |
+ * | {@link ng.directive:ngInclude#animations ngInclude}                                                      | enter and leave                                                          |
+ * | {@link ng.directive:ngSwitch#animations ngSwitch}                                                        | enter and leave                                                          |
+ * | {@link ng.directive:ngIf#animations ngIf}                                                                | enter and leave                                                          |
+ * | {@link ng.directive:ngClass#animations ngClass}                                                          | add and remove (the CSS class(es) present)                               |
+ * | {@link ng.directive:ngShow#animations ngShow} & {@link ng.directive:ngHide#animations ngHide}            | add and remove (the ng-hide class value)                                 |
+ * | {@link ng.directive:form#animation-hooks form} & {@link ng.directive:ngModel#animation-hooks ngModel}    | add and remove (dirty, pristine, valid, invalid & all other validations) |
+ * | {@link module:ngMessages#animations ngMessages}                                                          | add and remove (ng-active & ng-inactive)                                 |
+ * | {@link module:ngMessages#animations ngMessage}                                                           | enter and leave                                                          |
+ *
+ * You can find out more information about animations upon visiting each directive page.
+ *
+ * Below is an example of how to apply animations to a directive that supports animation hooks:
+ *
+ * ```html
+ * <style type="text/css">
+ * .slide.ng-enter, .slide.ng-leave {
+ *   -webkit-transition:0.5s linear all;
+ *   transition:0.5s linear all;
+ * }
+ *
+ * .slide.ng-enter { }        /&#42; starting animations for enter &#42;/
+ * .slide.ng-enter.ng-enter-active { } /&#42; terminal animations for enter &#42;/
+ * .slide.ng-leave { }        /&#42; starting animations for leave &#42;/
+ * .slide.ng-leave.ng-leave-active { } /&#42; terminal animations for leave &#42;/
+ * </style>
+ *
+ * <!--
+ * the animate service will automatically add .ng-enter and .ng-leave to the element
+ * to trigger the CSS transition/animations
+ * -->
+ * <ANY class="slide" ng-include="..."></ANY>
+ * ```
+ *
+ * Keep in mind that, by default, if an animation is running, any child elements cannot be animated
+ * until the parent element's animation has completed. This blocking feature can be overridden by
+ * placing the `ng-animate-children` attribute on a parent container tag.
+ *
+ * ```html
+ * <div class="slide-animation" ng-if="on" ng-animate-children>
+ *   <div class="fade-animation" ng-if="on">
+ *     <div class="explode-animation" ng-if="on">
+ *        ...
+ *     </div>
+ *   </div>
+ * </div>
+ * ```
+ *
+ * When the `on` expression value changes and an animation is triggered then each of the elements within
+ * will all animate without the block being applied to child elements.
+ *
+ * ## Are animations run when the application starts?
+ * No they are not. When an application is bootstrapped Angular will disable animations from running to avoid
+ * a frenzy of animations from being triggered as soon as the browser has rendered the screen. For this to work,
+ * Angular will wait for two digest cycles until enabling animations. From there on, any animation-triggering
+ * layout changes in the application will trigger animations as normal.
+ *
+ * In addition, upon bootstrap, if the routing system or any directives or load remote data (via $http) then Angular
+ * will automatically extend the wait time to enable animations once **all** of the outbound HTTP requests
+ * are complete.
+ *
+ * ## CSS-defined Animations
+ * The animate service will automatically apply two CSS classes to the animated element and these two CSS classes
+ * are designed to contain the start and end CSS styling. Both CSS transitions and keyframe animations are supported
+ * and can be used to play along with this naming structure.
+ *
+ * The following code below demonstrates how to perform animations using **CSS transitions** with Angular:
+ *
+ * ```html
+ * <style type="text/css">
+ * /&#42;
+ *  The animate class is apart of the element and the ng-enter class
+ *  is attached to the element once the enter animation event is triggered
+ * &#42;/
+ * .reveal-animation.ng-enter {
+ *  -webkit-transition: 1s linear all; /&#42; Safari/Chrome &#42;/
+ *  transition: 1s linear all; /&#42; All other modern browsers and IE10+ &#42;/
+ *
+ *  /&#42; The animation preparation code &#42;/
+ *  opacity: 0;
+ * }
+ *
+ * /&#42;
+ *  Keep in mind that you want to combine both CSS
+ *  classes together to avoid any CSS-specificity
+ *  conflicts
+ * &#42;/
+ * .reveal-animation.ng-enter.ng-enter-active {
+ *  /&#42; The animation code itself &#42;/
+ *  opacity: 1;
+ * }
+ * </style>
+ *
+ * <div class="view-container">
+ *   <div ng-view class="reveal-animation"></div>
+ * </div>
+ * ```
+ *
+ * The following code below demonstrates how to perform animations using **CSS animations** with Angular:
+ *
+ * ```html
+ * <style type="text/css">
+ * .reveal-animation.ng-enter {
+ *   -webkit-animation: enter_sequence 1s linear; /&#42; Safari/Chrome &#42;/
+ *   animation: enter_sequence 1s linear; /&#42; IE10+ and Future Browsers &#42;/
+ * }
+ * @-webkit-keyframes enter_sequence {
+ *   from { opacity:0; }
+ *   to { opacity:1; }
+ * }
+ * @keyframes enter_sequence {
+ *   from { opacity:0; }
+ *   to { opacity:1; }
+ * }
+ * </style>
+ *
+ * <div class="view-container">
+ *   <div ng-view class="reveal-animation"></div>
+ * </div>
+ * ```
+ *
+ * Both CSS3 animations and transitions can be used together and the animate service will figure out the correct duration and delay timing.
+ *
+ * Upon DOM mutation, the event class is added first (something like `ng-enter`), then the browser prepares itself to add
+ * the active class (in this case `ng-enter-active`) which then triggers the animation. The animation module will automatically
+ * detect the CSS code to determine when the animation ends. Once the animation is over then both CSS classes will be
+ * removed from the DOM. If a browser does not support CSS transitions or CSS animations then the animation will start and end
+ * immediately resulting in a DOM element that is at its final state. This final state is when the DOM element
+ * has no CSS transition/animation classes applied to it.
+ *
+ * ### Structural transition animations
+ *
+ * Structural transitions (such as enter, leave and move) will always apply a `0s none` transition
+ * value to force the browser into rendering the styles defined in the setup (.ng-enter, .ng-leave
+ * or .ng-move) class. This means that any active transition animations operating on the element
+ * will be cut off to make way for the enter, leave or move animation.
+ *
+ * ### Class-based transition animations
+ *
+ * Class-based transitions refer to transition animations that are triggered when a CSS class is
+ * added to or removed from the element (via `$animate.addClass`, `$animate.removeClass`,
+ * `$animate.setClass`, or by directives such as `ngClass`, `ngModel` and `form`).
+ * They are different when compared to structural animations since they **do not cancel existing
+ * animations** nor do they **block successive transitions** from rendering on the same element.
+ * This distinction allows for **multiple class-based transitions** to be performed on the same element.
+ *
+ * In addition to ngAnimate supporting the default (natural) functionality of class-based transition
+ * animations, ngAnimate also decorates the element with starting and ending CSS classes to aid the
+ * developer in further styling the element throughout the transition animation. Earlier versions
+ * of ngAnimate may have caused natural CSS transitions to break and not render properly due to
+ * $animate temporarily blocking transitions using `0s none` in order to allow the setup CSS class
+ * (the `-add` or `-remove` class) to be applied without triggering an animation. However, as of
+ * **version 1.3**, this workaround has been removed with ngAnimate and all non-ngAnimate CSS
+ * class transitions are compatible with ngAnimate.
+ *
+ * There is, however, one special case when dealing with class-based transitions in ngAnimate.
+ * When rendering class-based transitions that make use of the setup and active CSS classes
+ * (e.g. `.fade-add` and `.fade-add-active` for when `.fade` is added) be sure to define
+ * the transition value **on the active CSS class** and not the setup class.
+ *
+ * ```css
+ * .fade-add {
+ *   /&#42; remember to place a 0s transition here
+ *      to ensure that the styles are applied instantly
+ *      even if the element already has a transition style &#42;/
+ *   transition:0s linear all;
+ *
+ *   /&#42; starting CSS styles &#42;/
+ *   opacity:1;
+ * }
+ * .fade-add.fade-add-active {
+ *   /&#42; this will be the length of the animation &#42;/
+ *   transition:1s linear all;
+ *   opacity:0;
+ * }
+ * ```
+ *
+ * The setup CSS class (in this case `.fade-add`) also has a transition style property, however, it
+ * has a duration of zero. This may not be required, however, incase the browser is unable to render
+ * the styling present in this CSS class instantly then it could be that the browser is attempting
+ * to perform an unnecessary transition.
+ *
+ * This workaround, however, does not apply to  standard class-based transitions that are rendered
+ * when a CSS class containing a transition is applied to an element:
+ *
+ * ```css
+ * /&#42; this works as expected &#42;/
+ * .fade {
+ *   transition:1s linear all;
+ *   opacity:0;
+ * }
+ * ```
+ *
+ * Please keep this in mind when coding the CSS markup that will be used within class-based transitions.
+ * Also, try not to mix the two class-based animation flavors together since the CSS code may become
+ * overly complex.
+ *
+ *
+ * ### Preventing Collisions With Third Party Libraries
+ *
+ * Some third-party frameworks place animation duration defaults across many element or className
+ * selectors in order to make their code small and reuseable. This can lead to issues with ngAnimate, which
+ * is expecting actual animations on these elements and has to wait for their completion.
+ *
+ * You can prevent this unwanted behavior by using a prefix on all your animation classes:
+ *
+ * ```css
+ * /&#42; prefixed with animate- &#42;/
+ * .animate-fade-add.animate-fade-add-active {
+ *   transition:1s linear all;
+ *   opacity:0;
+ * }
+ * ```
+ *
+ * You then configure `$animate` to enforce this prefix:
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * $animateProvider.classNameFilter(/animate-/);
+ * ```
+ * </div>
+ *
+ * ### CSS Staggering Animations
+ * A Staggering animation is a collection of animations that are issued with a slight delay in between each successive operation resulting in a
+ * curtain-like effect. The ngAnimate module (versions >=1.2) supports staggering animations and the stagger effect can be
+ * performed by creating a **ng-EVENT-stagger** CSS class and attaching that class to the base CSS class used for
+ * the animation. The style property expected within the stagger class can either be a **transition-delay** or an
+ * **animation-delay** property (or both if your animation contains both transitions and keyframe animations).
+ *
+ * ```css
+ * .my-animation.ng-enter {
+ *   /&#42; standard transition code &#42;/
+ *   -webkit-transition: 1s linear all;
+ *   transition: 1s linear all;
+ *   opacity:0;
+ * }
+ * .my-animation.ng-enter-stagger {
+ *   /&#42; this will have a 100ms delay between each successive leave animation &#42;/
+ *   -webkit-transition-delay: 0.1s;
+ *   transition-delay: 0.1s;
+ *
+ *   /&#42; in case the stagger doesn't work then these two values
+ *    must be set to 0 to avoid an accidental CSS inheritance &#42;/
+ *   -webkit-transition-duration: 0s;
+ *   transition-duration: 0s;
+ * }
+ * .my-animation.ng-enter.ng-enter-active {
+ *   /&#42; standard transition styles &#42;/
+ *   opacity:1;
+ * }
+ * ```
+ *
+ * Staggering animations work by default in ngRepeat (so long as the CSS class is defined). Outside of ngRepeat, to use staggering animations
+ * on your own, they can be triggered by firing multiple calls to the same event on $animate. However, the restrictions surrounding this
+ * are that each of the elements must have the same CSS className value as well as the same parent element. A stagger operation
+ * will also be reset if more than 10ms has passed after the last animation has been fired.
+ *
+ * The following code will issue the **ng-leave-stagger** event on the element provided:
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * var kids = parent.children();
+ *
+ * $animate.leave(kids[0]); //stagger index=0
+ * $animate.leave(kids[1]); //stagger index=1
+ * $animate.leave(kids[2]); //stagger index=2
+ * $animate.leave(kids[3]); //stagger index=3
+ * $animate.leave(kids[4]); //stagger index=4
+ *
+ * $timeout(function() {
+ *   //stagger has reset itself
+ *   $animate.leave(kids[5]); //stagger index=0
+ *   $animate.leave(kids[6]); //stagger index=1
+ * }, 100, false);
+ * ```
+ *
+ * Stagger animations are currently only supported within CSS-defined animations.
+ *
+ * ## JavaScript-defined Animations
+ * In the event that you do not want to use CSS3 transitions or CSS3 animations or if you wish to offer animations on browsers that do not
+ * yet support CSS transitions/animations, then you can make use of JavaScript animations defined inside of your AngularJS module.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * //!annotate="YourApp" Your AngularJS Module|Replace this or ngModule with the module that you used to define your application.
+ * var ngModule = angular.module('YourApp', ['ngAnimate']);
+ * ngModule.animation('.my-crazy-animation', function() {
+ *   return {
+ *     enter: function(element, done) {
+ *       //run the animation here and call done when the animation is complete
+ *       return function(cancelled) {
+ *         //this (optional) function will be called when the animation
+ *         //completes or when the animation is cancelled (the cancelled
+ *         //flag will be set to true if cancelled).
+ *       };
+ *     },
+ *     leave: function(element, done) { },
+ *     move: function(element, done) { },
+ *
+ *     //animation that can be triggered before the class is added
+ *     beforeAddClass: function(element, className, done) { },
+ *
+ *     //animation that can be triggered after the class is added
+ *     addClass: function(element, className, done) { },
+ *
+ *     //animation that can be triggered before the class is removed
+ *     beforeRemoveClass: function(element, className, done) { },
+ *
+ *     //animation that can be triggered after the class is removed
+ *     removeClass: function(element, className, done) { }
+ *   };
+ * });
+ * ```
+ *
+ * JavaScript-defined animations are created with a CSS-like class selector and a collection of events which are set to run
+ * a javascript callback function. When an animation is triggered, $animate will look for a matching animation which fits
+ * the element's CSS class attribute value and then run the matching animation event function (if found).
+ * In other words, if the CSS classes present on the animated element match any of the JavaScript animations then the callback function will
+ * be executed. It should be also noted that only simple, single class selectors are allowed (compound class selectors are not supported).
+ *
+ * Within a JavaScript animation, an object containing various event callback animation functions is expected to be returned.
+ * As explained above, these callbacks are triggered based on the animation event. Therefore if an enter animation is run,
+ * and the JavaScript animation is found, then the enter callback will handle that animation (in addition to the CSS keyframe animation
+ * or transition code that is defined via a stylesheet).
+ *
+ *
+ * ### Applying Directive-specific Styles to an Animation
+ * In some cases a directive or service may want to provide `$animate` with extra details that the animation will
+ * include into its animation. Let's say for example we wanted to render an animation that animates an element
+ * towards the mouse coordinates as to where the user clicked last. By collecting the X/Y coordinates of the click
+ * (via the event parameter) we can set the `top` and `left` styles into an object and pass that into our function
+ * call to `$animate.addClass`.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * canvas.on('click', function(e) {
+ *   $animate.addClass(element, 'on', {
+ *     to: {
+ *       left : e.client.x + 'px',
+ *       top : e.client.y + 'px'
+ *     }
+ *   }):
+ * });
+ * ```
+ *
+ * Now when the animation runs, and a transition or keyframe animation is picked up, then the animation itself will
+ * also include and transition the styling of the `left` and `top` properties into its running animation. If we want
+ * to provide some starting animation values then we can do so by placing the starting animations styles into an object
+ * called `from` in the same object as the `to` animations.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * canvas.on('click', function(e) {
+ *   $animate.addClass(element, 'on', {
+ *     from: {
+ *        position: 'absolute',
+ *        left: '0px',
+ *        top: '0px'
+ *     },
+ *     to: {
+ *       left : e.client.x + 'px',
+ *       top : e.client.y + 'px'
+ *     }
+ *   }):
+ * });
+ * ```
+ *
+ * Once the animation is complete or cancelled then the union of both the before and after styles are applied to the
+ * element. If `ngAnimate` is not present then the styles will be applied immediately.
+ *
+ */
+
+angular.module('ngAnimate', ['ng'])
+
+  /**
+   * @ngdoc provider
+   * @name $animateProvider
+   * @description
+   *
+   * The `$animateProvider` allows developers to register JavaScript animation event handlers directly inside of a module.
+   * When an animation is triggered, the $animate service will query the $animate service to find any animations that match
+   * the provided name value.
+   *
+   * Requires the {@link ngAnimate `ngAnimate`} module to be installed.
+   *
+   * Please visit the {@link ngAnimate `ngAnimate`} module overview page learn more about how to use animations in your application.
+   *
+   */
+  .directive('ngAnimateChildren', function() {
+    var NG_ANIMATE_CHILDREN = '$$ngAnimateChildren';
+    return function(scope, element, attrs) {
+      var val = attrs.ngAnimateChildren;
+      if (angular.isString(val) && val.length === 0) { //empty attribute
+        element.data(NG_ANIMATE_CHILDREN, true);
+      } else {
+        scope.$watch(val, function(value) {
+          element.data(NG_ANIMATE_CHILDREN, !!value);
+        });
+      }
+    };
+  })
+
+  //this private service is only used within CSS-enabled animations
+  //IE8 + IE9 do not support rAF natively, but that is fine since they
+  //also don't support transitions and keyframes which means that the code
+  //below will never be used by the two browsers.
+  .factory('$$animateReflow', ['$$rAF', '$document', function($$rAF, $document) {
+    var bod = $document[0].body;
+    return function(fn) {
+      //the returned function acts as the cancellation function
+      return $$rAF(function() {
+        //the line below will force the browser to perform a repaint
+        //so that all the animated elements within the animation frame
+        //will be properly updated and drawn on screen. This is
+        //required to perform multi-class CSS based animations with
+        //Firefox. DO NOT REMOVE THIS LINE.
+        var a = bod.offsetWidth + 1;
+        fn();
+      });
+    };
+  }])
+
+  .config(['$provide', '$animateProvider', function($provide, $animateProvider) {
+    var noop = angular.noop;
+    var forEach = angular.forEach;
+    var selectors = $animateProvider.$$selectors;
+    var isArray = angular.isArray;
+    var isString = angular.isString;
+    var isObject = angular.isObject;
+
+    var ELEMENT_NODE = 1;
+    var NG_ANIMATE_STATE = '$$ngAnimateState';
+    var NG_ANIMATE_CHILDREN = '$$ngAnimateChildren';
+    var NG_ANIMATE_CLASS_NAME = 'ng-animate';
+    var rootAnimateState = {running: true};
+
+    function extractElementNode(element) {
+      for (var i = 0; i < element.length; i++) {
+        var elm = element[i];
+        if (elm.nodeType == ELEMENT_NODE) {
+          return elm;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    function prepareElement(element) {
+      return element && angular.element(element);
+    }
+
+    function stripCommentsFromElement(element) {
+      return angular.element(extractElementNode(element));
+    }
+
+    function isMatchingElement(elm1, elm2) {
+      return extractElementNode(elm1) == extractElementNode(elm2);
+    }
+
+    $provide.decorator('$animate',
+        ['$delegate', '$$q', '$injector', '$sniffer', '$rootElement', '$$asyncCallback', '$rootScope', '$document', '$templateRequest',
+ function($delegate,   $$q,   $injector,   $sniffer,   $rootElement,   $$asyncCallback,   $rootScope,   $document,   $templateRequest) {
+
+      $rootElement.data(NG_ANIMATE_STATE, rootAnimateState);
+
+      // Wait until all directive and route-related templates are downloaded and
+      // compiled. The $templateRequest.totalPendingRequests variable keeps track of
+      // all of the remote templates being currently downloaded. If there are no
+      // templates currently downloading then the watcher will still fire anyway.
+      var deregisterWatch = $rootScope.$watch(
+        function() { return $templateRequest.totalPendingRequests; },
+        function(val, oldVal) {
+          if (val !== 0) return;
+          deregisterWatch();
+
+          // Now that all templates have been downloaded, $animate will wait until
+          // the post digest queue is empty before enabling animations. By having two
+          // calls to $postDigest calls we can ensure that the flag is enabled at the
+          // very end of the post digest queue. Since all of the animations in $animate
+          // use $postDigest, it's important that the code below executes at the end.
+          // This basically means that the page is fully downloaded and compiled before
+          // any animations are triggered.
+          $rootScope.$$postDigest(function() {
+            $rootScope.$$postDigest(function() {
+              rootAnimateState.running = false;
+            });
+          });
+        }
+      );
+
+      var globalAnimationCounter = 0;
+      var classNameFilter = $animateProvider.classNameFilter();
+      var isAnimatableClassName = !classNameFilter
+              ? function() { return true; }
+              : function(className) {
+                return classNameFilter.test(className);
+              };
+
+      function classBasedAnimationsBlocked(element, setter) {
+        var data = element.data(NG_ANIMATE_STATE) || {};
+        if (setter) {
+          data.running = true;
+          data.structural = true;
+          element.data(NG_ANIMATE_STATE, data);
+        }
+        return data.disabled || (data.running && data.structural);
+      }
+
+      function runAnimationPostDigest(fn) {
+        var cancelFn, defer = $$q.defer();
+        defer.promise.$$cancelFn = function() {
+          cancelFn && cancelFn();
+        };
+        $rootScope.$$postDigest(function() {
+          cancelFn = fn(function() {
+            defer.resolve();
+          });
+        });
+        return defer.promise;
+      }
+
+      function parseAnimateOptions(options) {
+        // some plugin code may still be passing in the callback
+        // function as the last param for the $animate methods so
+        // it's best to only allow string or array values for now
+        if (isObject(options)) {
+          if (options.tempClasses && isString(options.tempClasses)) {
+            options.tempClasses = options.tempClasses.split(/\s+/);
+          }
+          return options;
+        }
+      }
+
+      function resolveElementClasses(element, cache, runningAnimations) {
+        runningAnimations = runningAnimations || {};
+
+        var lookup = {};
+        forEach(runningAnimations, function(data, selector) {
+          forEach(selector.split(' '), function(s) {
+            lookup[s]=data;
+          });
+        });
+
+        var hasClasses = Object.create(null);
+        forEach((element.attr('class') || '').split(/\s+/), function(className) {
+          hasClasses[className] = true;
+        });
+
+        var toAdd = [], toRemove = [];
+        forEach((cache && cache.classes) || [], function(status, className) {
+          var hasClass = hasClasses[className];
+          var matchingAnimation = lookup[className] || {};
+
+          // When addClass and removeClass is called then $animate will check to
+          // see if addClass and removeClass cancel each other out. When there are
+          // more calls to removeClass than addClass then the count falls below 0
+          // and then the removeClass animation will be allowed. Otherwise if the
+          // count is above 0 then that means an addClass animation will commence.
+          // Once an animation is allowed then the code will also check to see if
+          // there exists any on-going animation that is already adding or remvoing
+          // the matching CSS class.
+          if (status === false) {
+            //does it have the class or will it have the class
+            if (hasClass || matchingAnimation.event == 'addClass') {
+              toRemove.push(className);
+            }
+          } else if (status === true) {
+            //is the class missing or will it be removed?
+            if (!hasClass || matchingAnimation.event == 'removeClass') {
+              toAdd.push(className);
+            }
+          }
+        });
+
+        return (toAdd.length + toRemove.length) > 0 && [toAdd.join(' '), toRemove.join(' ')];
+      }
+
+      function lookup(name) {
+        if (name) {
+          var matches = [],
+              flagMap = {},
+              classes = name.substr(1).split('.');
+
+          //the empty string value is the default animation
+          //operation which performs CSS transition and keyframe
+          //animations sniffing. This is always included for each
+          //element animation procedure if the browser supports
+          //transitions and/or keyframe animations. The default
+          //animation is added to the top of the list to prevent
+          //any previous animations from affecting the element styling
+          //prior to the element being animated.
+          if ($sniffer.transitions || $sniffer.animations) {
+            matches.push($injector.get(selectors['']));
+          }
+
+          for (var i=0; i < classes.length; i++) {
+            var klass = classes[i],
+                selectorFactoryName = selectors[klass];
+            if (selectorFactoryName && !flagMap[klass]) {
+              matches.push($injector.get(selectorFactoryName));
+              flagMap[klass] = true;
+            }
+          }
+          return matches;
+        }
+      }
+
+      function animationRunner(element, animationEvent, className, options) {
+        //transcluded directives may sometimes fire an animation using only comment nodes
+        //best to catch this early on to prevent any animation operations from occurring
+        var node = element[0];
+        if (!node) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (options) {
+          options.to = options.to || {};
+          options.from = options.from || {};
+        }
+
+        var classNameAdd;
+        var classNameRemove;
+        if (isArray(className)) {
+          classNameAdd = className[0];
+          classNameRemove = className[1];
+          if (!classNameAdd) {
+            className = classNameRemove;
+            animationEvent = 'removeClass';
+          } else if (!classNameRemove) {
+            className = classNameAdd;
+            animationEvent = 'addClass';
+          } else {
+            className = classNameAdd + ' ' + classNameRemove;
+          }
+        }
+
+        var isSetClassOperation = animationEvent == 'setClass';
+        var isClassBased = isSetClassOperation
+                           || animationEvent == 'addClass'
+                           || animationEvent == 'removeClass'
+                           || animationEvent == 'animate';
+
+        var currentClassName = element.attr('class');
+        var classes = currentClassName + ' ' + className;
+        if (!isAnimatableClassName(classes)) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        var beforeComplete = noop,
+            beforeCancel = [],
+            before = [],
+            afterComplete = noop,
+            afterCancel = [],
+            after = [];
+
+        var animationLookup = (' ' + classes).replace(/\s+/g,'.');
+        forEach(lookup(animationLookup), function(animationFactory) {
+          var created = registerAnimation(animationFactory, animationEvent);
+          if (!created && isSetClassOperation) {
+            registerAnimation(animationFactory, 'addClass');
+            registerAnimation(animationFactory, 'removeClass');
+          }
+        });
+
+        function registerAnimation(animationFactory, event) {
+          var afterFn = animationFactory[event];
+          var beforeFn = animationFactory['before' + event.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + event.substr(1)];
+          if (afterFn || beforeFn) {
+            if (event == 'leave') {
+              beforeFn = afterFn;
+              //when set as null then animation knows to skip this phase
+              afterFn = null;
+            }
+            after.push({
+              event: event, fn: afterFn
+            });
+            before.push({
+              event: event, fn: beforeFn
+            });
+            return true;
+          }
+        }
+
+        function run(fns, cancellations, allCompleteFn) {
+          var animations = [];
+          forEach(fns, function(animation) {
+            animation.fn && animations.push(animation);
+          });
+
+          var count = 0;
+          function afterAnimationComplete(index) {
+            if (cancellations) {
+              (cancellations[index] || noop)();
+              if (++count < animations.length) return;
+              cancellations = null;
+            }
+            allCompleteFn();
+          }
+
+          //The code below adds directly to the array in order to work with
+          //both sync and async animations. Sync animations are when the done()
+          //operation is called right away. DO NOT REFACTOR!
+          forEach(animations, function(animation, index) {
+            var progress = function() {
+              afterAnimationComplete(index);
+            };
+            switch (animation.event) {
+              case 'setClass':
+                cancellations.push(animation.fn(element, classNameAdd, classNameRemove, progress, options));
+                break;
+              case 'animate':
+                cancellations.push(animation.fn(element, className, options.from, options.to, progress));
+                break;
+              case 'addClass':
+                cancellations.push(animation.fn(element, classNameAdd || className,     progress, options));
+                break;
+              case 'removeClass':
+                cancellations.push(animation.fn(element, classNameRemove || className,  progress, options));
+                break;
+              default:
+                cancellations.push(animation.fn(element, progress, options));
+                break;
+            }
+          });
+
+          if (cancellations && cancellations.length === 0) {
+            allCompleteFn();
+          }
+        }
+
+        return {
+          node: node,
+          event: animationEvent,
+          className: className,
+          isClassBased: isClassBased,
+          isSetClassOperation: isSetClassOperation,
+          applyStyles: function() {
+            if (options) {
+              element.css(angular.extend(options.from || {}, options.to || {}));
+            }
+          },
+          before: function(allCompleteFn) {
+            beforeComplete = allCompleteFn;
+            run(before, beforeCancel, function() {
+              beforeComplete = noop;
+              allCompleteFn();
+            });
+          },
+          after: function(allCompleteFn) {
+            afterComplete = allCompleteFn;
+            run(after, afterCancel, function() {
+              afterComplete = noop;
+              allCompleteFn();
+            });
+          },
+          cancel: function() {
+            if (beforeCancel) {
+              forEach(beforeCancel, function(cancelFn) {
+                (cancelFn || noop)(true);
+              });
+              beforeComplete(true);
+            }
+            if (afterCancel) {
+              forEach(afterCancel, function(cancelFn) {
+                (cancelFn || noop)(true);
+              });
+              afterComplete(true);
+            }
+          }
+        };
+      }
+
+      /**
+       * @ngdoc service
+       * @name $animate
+       * @kind object
+       *
+       * @description
+       * The `$animate` service provides animation detection support while performing DOM operations (enter, leave and move) as well as during addClass and removeClass operations.
+       * When any of these operations are run, the $animate service
+       * will examine any JavaScript-defined animations (which are defined by using the $animateProvider provider object)
+       * as well as any CSS-defined animations against the CSS classes present on the element once the DOM operation is run.
+       *
+       * The `$animate` service is used behind the scenes with pre-existing directives and animation with these directives
+       * will work out of the box without any extra configuration.
+       *
+       * Requires the {@link ngAnimate `ngAnimate`} module to be installed.
+       *
+       * Please visit the {@link ngAnimate `ngAnimate`} module overview page learn more about how to use animations in your application.
+       * ## Callback Promises
+       * With AngularJS 1.3, each of the animation methods, on the `$animate` service, return a promise when called. The
+       * promise itself is then resolved once the animation has completed itself, has been cancelled or has been
+       * skipped due to animations being disabled. (Note that even if the animation is cancelled it will still
+       * call the resolve function of the animation.)
+       *
+       * ```js
+       * $animate.enter(element, container).then(function() {
+       *   //...this is called once the animation is complete...
+       * });
+       * ```
+       *
+       * Also note that, due to the nature of the callback promise, if any Angular-specific code (like changing the scope,
+       * location of the page, etc...) is executed within the callback promise then be sure to wrap the code using
+       * `$scope.$apply(...)`;
+       *
+       * ```js
+       * $animate.leave(element).then(function() {
+       *   $scope.$apply(function() {
+       *     $location.path('/new-page');
+       *   });
+       * });
+       * ```
+       *
+       * An animation can also be cancelled by calling the `$animate.cancel(promise)` method with the provided
+       * promise that was returned when the animation was started.
+       *
+       * ```js
+       * var promise = $animate.addClass(element, 'super-long-animation').then(function() {
+       *   //this will still be called even if cancelled
+       * });
+       *
+       * element.on('click', function() {
+       *   //tooo lazy to wait for the animation to end
+       *   $animate.cancel(promise);
+       * });
+       * ```
+       *
+       * (Keep in mind that the promise cancellation is unique to `$animate` since promises in
+       * general cannot be cancelled.)
+       *
+       */
+      return {
+        /**
+         * @ngdoc method
+         * @name $animate#animate
+         * @kind function
+         *
+         * @description
+         * Performs an inline animation on the element which applies the provided `to` and `from` CSS styles to the element.
+         * If any detected CSS transition, keyframe or JavaScript matches the provided `className` value then the animation
+         * will take on the provided styles. For example, if a transition animation is set for the given className then the
+         * provided `from` and `to` styles will be applied alongside the given transition. If a JavaScript animation is
+         * detected then the provided styles will be given in as function paramters.
+         *
+         * ```js
+         * ngModule.animation('.my-inline-animation', function() {
+         *   return {
+         *     animate : function(element, className, from, to, done) {
+         *       //styles
+         *     }
+         *   }
+         * });
+         * ```
+         *
+         * Below is a breakdown of each step that occurs during the `animate` animation:
+         *
+         * | Animation Step                                                                                                    | What the element class attribute looks like                |
+         * |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------|
+         * | 1. $animate.animate(...) is called                                                                                | class="my-animation"                                       |
+         * | 2. $animate waits for the next digest to start the animation                                                      | class="my-animation ng-animate"                            |
+         * | 3. $animate runs the JavaScript-defined animations detected on the element                                        | class="my-animation ng-animate"                            |
+         * | 4. the className class value is added to the element                                                              | class="my-animation ng-animate className"                  |
+         * | 5. $animate scans the element styles to get the CSS transition/animation duration and delay                       | class="my-animation ng-animate className"                  |
+         * | 6. $animate blocks all CSS transitions on the element to ensure the .className class styling is applied right away| class="my-animation ng-animate className"                  |
+         * | 7. $animate applies the provided collection of `from` CSS styles to the element                                   | class="my-animation ng-animate className"                  |
+         * | 8. $animate waits for a single animation frame (this performs a reflow)                                           | class="my-animation ng-animate className"                  |
+         * | 9. $animate removes the CSS transition block placed on the element                                                | class="my-animation ng-animate className"                  |
+         * | 10. the className-active class is added (this triggers the CSS transition/animation)                              | class="my-animation ng-animate className className-active" |
+         * | 11. $animate applies the collection of `to` CSS styles to the element which are then handled by the transition    | class="my-animation ng-animate className className-active" |
+         * | 12. $animate waits for the animation to complete (via events and timeout)                                         | class="my-animation ng-animate className className-active" |
+         * | 13. The animation ends and all generated CSS classes are removed from the element                                 | class="my-animation"                                       |
+         * | 14. The returned promise is resolved.                                                                             | class="my-animation"                                       |
+         *
+         * @param {DOMElement} element the element that will be the focus of the enter animation
+         * @param {object} from a collection of CSS styles that will be applied to the element at the start of the animation
+         * @param {object} to a collection of CSS styles that the element will animate towards
+         * @param {string=} className an optional CSS class that will be added to the element for the duration of the animation (the default class is `ng-inline-animate`)
+         * @param {object=} options an optional collection of options that will be picked up by the CSS transition/animation
+         * @return {Promise} the animation callback promise
+        */
+        animate: function(element, from, to, className, options) {
+          className = className || 'ng-inline-animate';
+          options = parseAnimateOptions(options) || {};
+          options.from = to ? from : null;
+          options.to   = to ? to : from;
+
+          return runAnimationPostDigest(function(done) {
+            return performAnimation('animate', className, stripCommentsFromElement(element), null, null, noop, options, done);
+          });
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * @ngdoc method
+         * @name $animate#enter
+         * @kind function
+         *
+         * @description
+         * Appends the element to the parentElement element that resides in the document and then runs the enter animation. Once
+         * the animation is started, the following CSS classes will be present on the element for the duration of the animation:
+         *
+         * Below is a breakdown of each step that occurs during enter animation:
+         *
+         * | Animation Step                                                                                                    | What the element class attribute looks like              |
+         * |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
+         * | 1. $animate.enter(...) is called                                                                                  | class="my-animation"                                     |
+         * | 2. element is inserted into the parentElement element or beside the afterElement element                          | class="my-animation"                                     |
+         * | 3. $animate waits for the next digest to start the animation                                                      | class="my-animation ng-animate"                          |
+         * | 4. $animate runs the JavaScript-defined animations detected on the element                                        | class="my-animation ng-animate"                          |
+         * | 5. the .ng-enter class is added to the element                                                                    | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-enter"                 |
+         * | 6. $animate scans the element styles to get the CSS transition/animation duration and delay                       | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-enter"                 |
+         * | 7. $animate blocks all CSS transitions on the element to ensure the .ng-enter class styling is applied right away | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-enter"                 |
+         * | 8. $animate waits for a single animation frame (this performs a reflow)                                           | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-enter"                 |
+         * | 9. $animate removes the CSS transition block placed on the element                                                | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-enter"                 |
+         * | 10. the .ng-enter-active class is added (this triggers the CSS transition/animation)                              | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-enter ng-enter-active" |
+         * | 11. $animate waits for the animation to complete (via events and timeout)                                         | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-enter ng-enter-active" |
+         * | 12. The animation ends and all generated CSS classes are removed from the element                                 | class="my-animation"                                     |
+         * | 13. The returned promise is resolved.                                                                             | class="my-animation"                                     |
+         *
+         * @param {DOMElement} element the element that will be the focus of the enter animation
+         * @param {DOMElement} parentElement the parent element of the element that will be the focus of the enter animation
+         * @param {DOMElement} afterElement the sibling element (which is the previous element) of the element that will be the focus of the enter animation
+         * @param {object=} options an optional collection of options that will be picked up by the CSS transition/animation
+         * @return {Promise} the animation callback promise
+        */
+        enter: function(element, parentElement, afterElement, options) {
+          options = parseAnimateOptions(options);
+          element = angular.element(element);
+          parentElement = prepareElement(parentElement);
+          afterElement = prepareElement(afterElement);
+
+          classBasedAnimationsBlocked(element, true);
+          $delegate.enter(element, parentElement, afterElement);
+          return runAnimationPostDigest(function(done) {
+            return performAnimation('enter', 'ng-enter', stripCommentsFromElement(element), parentElement, afterElement, noop, options, done);
+          });
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * @ngdoc method
+         * @name $animate#leave
+         * @kind function
+         *
+         * @description
+         * Runs the leave animation operation and, upon completion, removes the element from the DOM. Once
+         * the animation is started, the following CSS classes will be added for the duration of the animation:
+         *
+         * Below is a breakdown of each step that occurs during leave animation:
+         *
+         * | Animation Step                                                                                                    | What the element class attribute looks like              |
+         * |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
+         * | 1. $animate.leave(...) is called                                                                                  | class="my-animation"                                     |
+         * | 2. $animate runs the JavaScript-defined animations detected on the element                                        | class="my-animation ng-animate"                          |
+         * | 3. $animate waits for the next digest to start the animation                                                      | class="my-animation ng-animate"                          |
+         * | 4. the .ng-leave class is added to the element                                                                    | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-leave"                 |
+         * | 5. $animate scans the element styles to get the CSS transition/animation duration and delay                       | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-leave"                 |
+         * | 6. $animate blocks all CSS transitions on the element to ensure the .ng-leave class styling is applied right away | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-leave"                 |
+         * | 7. $animate waits for a single animation frame (this performs a reflow)                                           | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-leave"                 |
+         * | 8. $animate removes the CSS transition block placed on the element                                                | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-leave"                 |
+         * | 9. the .ng-leave-active class is added (this triggers the CSS transition/animation)                               | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-leave ng-leave-active" |
+         * | 10. $animate waits for the animation to complete (via events and timeout)                                         | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-leave ng-leave-active" |
+         * | 11. The animation ends and all generated CSS classes are removed from the element                                 | class="my-animation"                                     |
+         * | 12. The element is removed from the DOM                                                                           | ...                                                      |
+         * | 13. The returned promise is resolved.                                                                             | ...                                                      |
+         *
+         * @param {DOMElement} element the element that will be the focus of the leave animation
+         * @param {object=} options an optional collection of styles that will be picked up by the CSS transition/animation
+         * @return {Promise} the animation callback promise
+        */
+        leave: function(element, options) {
+          options = parseAnimateOptions(options);
+          element = angular.element(element);
+
+          cancelChildAnimations(element);
+          classBasedAnimationsBlocked(element, true);
+          return runAnimationPostDigest(function(done) {
+            return performAnimation('leave', 'ng-leave', stripCommentsFromElement(element), null, null, function() {
+              $delegate.leave(element);
+            }, options, done);
+          });
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * @ngdoc method
+         * @name $animate#move
+         * @kind function
+         *
+         * @description
+         * Fires the move DOM operation. Just before the animation starts, the animate service will either append it into the parentElement container or
+         * add the element directly after the afterElement element if present. Then the move animation will be run. Once
+         * the animation is started, the following CSS classes will be added for the duration of the animation:
+         *
+         * Below is a breakdown of each step that occurs during move animation:
+         *
+         * | Animation Step                                                                                                   | What the element class attribute looks like            |
+         * |------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------|
+         * | 1. $animate.move(...) is called                                                                                  | class="my-animation"                                   |
+         * | 2. element is moved into the parentElement element or beside the afterElement element                            | class="my-animation"                                   |
+         * | 3. $animate waits for the next digest to start the animation                                                     | class="my-animation ng-animate"                        |
+         * | 4. $animate runs the JavaScript-defined animations detected on the element                                       | class="my-animation ng-animate"                        |
+         * | 5. the .ng-move class is added to the element                                                                    | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-move"                |
+         * | 6. $animate scans the element styles to get the CSS transition/animation duration and delay                      | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-move"                |
+         * | 7. $animate blocks all CSS transitions on the element to ensure the .ng-move class styling is applied right away | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-move"                |
+         * | 8. $animate waits for a single animation frame (this performs a reflow)                                          | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-move"                |
+         * | 9. $animate removes the CSS transition block placed on the element                                               | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-move"                |
+         * | 10. the .ng-move-active class is added (this triggers the CSS transition/animation)                              | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-move ng-move-active" |
+         * | 11. $animate waits for the animation to complete (via events and timeout)                                        | class="my-animation ng-animate ng-move ng-move-active" |
+         * | 12. The animation ends and all generated CSS classes are removed from the element                                | class="my-animation"                                   |
+         * | 13. The returned promise is resolved.                                                                            | class="my-animation"                                   |
+         *
+         * @param {DOMElement} element the element that will be the focus of the move animation
+         * @param {DOMElement} parentElement the parentElement element of the element that will be the focus of the move animation
+         * @param {DOMElement} afterElement the sibling element (which is the previous element) of the element that will be the focus of the move animation
+         * @param {object=} options an optional collection of styles that will be picked up by the CSS transition/animation
+         * @return {Promise} the animation callback promise
+        */
+        move: function(element, parentElement, afterElement, options) {
+          options = parseAnimateOptions(options);
+          element = angular.element(element);
+          parentElement = prepareElement(parentElement);
+          afterElement = prepareElement(afterElement);
+
+          cancelChildAnimations(element);
+          classBasedAnimationsBlocked(element, true);
+          $delegate.move(element, parentElement, afterElement);
+          return runAnimationPostDigest(function(done) {
+            return performAnimation('move', 'ng-move', stripCommentsFromElement(element), parentElement, afterElement, noop, options, done);
+          });
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * @ngdoc method
+         * @name $animate#addClass
+         *
+         * @description
+         * Triggers a custom animation event based off the className variable and then attaches the className value to the element as a CSS class.
+         * Unlike the other animation methods, the animate service will suffix the className value with {@type -add} in order to provide
+         * the animate service the setup and active CSS classes in order to trigger the animation (this will be skipped if no CSS transitions
+         * or keyframes are defined on the -add-active or base CSS class).
+         *
+         * Below is a breakdown of each step that occurs during addClass animation:
+         *
+         * | Animation Step                                                                                     | What the element class attribute looks like                      |
+         * |----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|
+         * | 1. $animate.addClass(element, 'super') is called                                                   | class="my-animation"                                             |
+         * | 2. $animate runs the JavaScript-defined animations detected on the element                         | class="my-animation ng-animate"                                  |
+         * | 3. the .super-add class is added to the element                                                    | class="my-animation ng-animate super-add"                        |
+         * | 4. $animate waits for a single animation frame (this performs a reflow)                            | class="my-animation ng-animate super-add"                        |
+         * | 5. the .super and .super-add-active classes are added (this triggers the CSS transition/animation) | class="my-animation ng-animate super super-add super-add-active" |
+         * | 6. $animate scans the element styles to get the CSS transition/animation duration and delay        | class="my-animation ng-animate super super-add super-add-active" |
+         * | 7. $animate waits for the animation to complete (via events and timeout)                           | class="my-animation ng-animate super super-add super-add-active" |
+         * | 8. The animation ends and all generated CSS classes are removed from the element                   | class="my-animation super"                                       |
+         * | 9. The super class is kept on the element                                                          | class="my-animation super"                                       |
+         * | 10. The returned promise is resolved.                                                              | class="my-animation super"                                       |
+         *
+         * @param {DOMElement} element the element that will be animated
+         * @param {string} className the CSS class that will be added to the element and then animated
+         * @param {object=} options an optional collection of styles that will be picked up by the CSS transition/animation
+         * @return {Promise} the animation callback promise
+        */
+        addClass: function(element, className, options) {
+          return this.setClass(element, className, [], options);
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * @ngdoc method
+         * @name $animate#removeClass
+         *
+         * @description
+         * Triggers a custom animation event based off the className variable and then removes the CSS class provided by the className value
+         * from the element. Unlike the other animation methods, the animate service will suffix the className value with {@type -remove} in
+         * order to provide the animate service the setup and active CSS classes in order to trigger the animation (this will be skipped if
+         * no CSS transitions or keyframes are defined on the -remove or base CSS classes).
+         *
+         * Below is a breakdown of each step that occurs during removeClass animation:
+         *
+         * | Animation Step                                                                                                   | What the element class attribute looks like                      |
+         * |------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|
+         * | 1. $animate.removeClass(element, 'super') is called                                                              | class="my-animation super"                                       |
+         * | 2. $animate runs the JavaScript-defined animations detected on the element                                       | class="my-animation super ng-animate"                            |
+         * | 3. the .super-remove class is added to the element                                                               | class="my-animation super ng-animate super-remove"               |
+         * | 4. $animate waits for a single animation frame (this performs a reflow)                                          | class="my-animation super ng-animate super-remove"               |
+         * | 5. the .super-remove-active classes are added and .super is removed (this triggers the CSS transition/animation) | class="my-animation ng-animate super-remove super-remove-active" |
+         * | 6. $animate scans the element styles to get the CSS transition/animation duration and delay                      | class="my-animation ng-animate super-remove super-remove-active" |
+         * | 7. $animate waits for the animation to complete (via events and timeout)                                         | class="my-animation ng-animate super-remove super-remove-active" |
+         * | 8. The animation ends and all generated CSS classes are removed from the element                                 | class="my-animation"                                             |
+         * | 9. The returned promise is resolved.                                                                             | class="my-animation"                                             |
+         *
+         *
+         * @param {DOMElement} element the element that will be animated
+         * @param {string} className the CSS class that will be animated and then removed from the element
+         * @param {object=} options an optional collection of styles that will be picked up by the CSS transition/animation
+         * @return {Promise} the animation callback promise
+        */
+        removeClass: function(element, className, options) {
+          return this.setClass(element, [], className, options);
+        },
+
+        /**
+         *
+         * @ngdoc method
+         * @name $animate#setClass
+         *
+         * @description Adds and/or removes the given CSS classes to and from the element.
+         * Once complete, the done() callback will be fired (if provided).
+         *
+         * | Animation Step                                                                                                                       | What the element class attribute looks like                                          |
+         * |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+         * | 1. $animate.setClass(element, 'on', 'off') is called                                                                                 | class="my-animation off"                                                             |
+         * | 2. $animate runs the JavaScript-defined animations detected on the element                                                           | class="my-animation ng-animate off"                                                  |
+         * | 3. the .on-add and .off-remove classes are added to the element                                                                      | class="my-animation ng-animate on-add off-remove off"                                |
+         * | 4. $animate waits for a single animation frame (this performs a reflow)                                                              | class="my-animation ng-animate on-add off-remove off"                                |
+         * | 5. the .on, .on-add-active and .off-remove-active classes are added and .off is removed (this triggers the CSS transition/animation) | class="my-animation ng-animate on on-add on-add-active off-remove off-remove-active" |
+         * | 6. $animate scans the element styles to get the CSS transition/animation duration and delay                                          | class="my-animation ng-animate on on-add on-add-active off-remove off-remove-active" |
+         * | 7. $animate waits for the animation to complete (via events and timeout)                                                             | class="my-animation ng-animate on on-add on-add-active off-remove off-remove-active" |
+         * | 8. The animation ends and all generated CSS classes are removed from the element                                                     | class="my-animation on"                                                              |
+         * | 9. The returned promise is resolved.                                                                                                 | class="my-animation on"                                                              |
+         *
+         * @param {DOMElement} element the element which will have its CSS classes changed
+         *   removed from it
+         * @param {string} add the CSS classes which will be added to the element
+         * @param {string} remove the CSS class which will be removed from the element
+         *   CSS classes have been set on the element
+         * @param {object=} options an optional collection of styles that will be picked up by the CSS transition/animation
+         * @return {Promise} the animation callback promise
+         */
+        setClass: function(element, add, remove, options) {
+          options = parseAnimateOptions(options);
+
+          var STORAGE_KEY = '$$animateClasses';
+          element = angular.element(element);
+          element = stripCommentsFromElement(element);
+
+          if (classBasedAnimationsBlocked(element)) {
+            return $delegate.$$setClassImmediately(element, add, remove, options);
+          }
+
+          // we're using a combined array for both the add and remove
+          // operations since the ORDER OF addClass and removeClass matters
+          var classes, cache = element.data(STORAGE_KEY);
+          var hasCache = !!cache;
+          if (!cache) {
+            cache = {};
+            cache.classes = {};
+          }
+          classes = cache.classes;
+
+          add = isArray(add) ? add : add.split(' ');
+          forEach(add, function(c) {
+            if (c && c.length) {
+              classes[c] = true;
+            }
+          });
+
+          remove = isArray(remove) ? remove : remove.split(' ');
+          forEach(remove, function(c) {
+            if (c && c.length) {
+              classes[c] = false;
+            }
+          });
+
+          if (hasCache) {
+            if (options && cache.options) {
+              cache.options = angular.extend(cache.options || {}, options);
+            }
+
+            //the digest cycle will combine all the animations into one function
+            return cache.promise;
+          } else {
+            element.data(STORAGE_KEY, cache = {
+              classes: classes,
+              options: options
+            });
+          }
+
+          return cache.promise = runAnimationPostDigest(function(done) {
+            var parentElement = element.parent();
+            var elementNode = extractElementNode(element);
+            var parentNode = elementNode.parentNode;
+            // TODO(matsko): move this code into the animationsDisabled() function once #8092 is fixed
+            if (!parentNode || parentNode['$$NG_REMOVED'] || elementNode['$$NG_REMOVED']) {
+              done();
+              return;
+            }
+
+            var cache = element.data(STORAGE_KEY);
+            element.removeData(STORAGE_KEY);
+
+            var state = element.data(NG_ANIMATE_STATE) || {};
+            var classes = resolveElementClasses(element, cache, state.active);
+            return !classes
+              ? done()
+              : performAnimation('setClass', classes, element, parentElement, null, function() {
+                  if (classes[0]) $delegate.$$addClassImmediately(element, classes[0]);
+                  if (classes[1]) $delegate.$$removeClassImmediately(element, classes[1]);
+                }, cache.options, done);
+          });
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * @ngdoc method
+         * @name $animate#cancel
+         * @kind function
+         *
+         * @param {Promise} animationPromise The animation promise that is returned when an animation is started.
+         *
+         * @description
+         * Cancels the provided animation.
+        */
+        cancel: function(promise) {
+          promise.$$cancelFn();
+        },
+
+        /**
+         * @ngdoc method
+         * @name $animate#enabled
+         * @kind function
+         *
+         * @param {boolean=} value If provided then set the animation on or off.
+         * @param {DOMElement=} element If provided then the element will be used to represent the enable/disable operation
+         * @return {boolean} Current animation state.
+         *
+         * @description
+         * Globally enables/disables animations.
+         *
+        */
+        enabled: function(value, element) {
+          switch (arguments.length) {
+            case 2:
+              if (value) {
+                cleanup(element);
+              } else {
+                var data = element.data(NG_ANIMATE_STATE) || {};
+                data.disabled = true;
+                element.data(NG_ANIMATE_STATE, data);
+              }
+            break;
+
+            case 1:
+              rootAnimateState.disabled = !value;
+            break;
+
+            default:
+              value = !rootAnimateState.disabled;
+            break;
+          }
+          return !!value;
+         }
+      };
+
+      /*
+        all animations call this shared animation triggering function internally.
+        The animationEvent variable refers to the JavaScript animation event that will be triggered
+        and the className value is the name of the animation that will be applied within the
+        CSS code. Element, parentElement and afterElement are provided DOM elements for the animation
+        and the onComplete callback will be fired once the animation is fully complete.
+      */
+      function performAnimation(animationEvent, className, element, parentElement, afterElement, domOperation, options, doneCallback) {
+        var noopCancel = noop;
+        var runner = animationRunner(element, animationEvent, className, options);
+        if (!runner) {
+          fireDOMOperation();
+          fireBeforeCallbackAsync();
+          fireAfterCallbackAsync();
+          closeAnimation();
+          return noopCancel;
+        }
+
+        animationEvent = runner.event;
+        className = runner.className;
+        var elementEvents = angular.element._data(runner.node);
+        elementEvents = elementEvents && elementEvents.events;
+
+        if (!parentElement) {
+          parentElement = afterElement ? afterElement.parent() : element.parent();
+        }
+
+        //skip the animation if animations are disabled, a parent is already being animated,
+        //the element is not currently attached to the document body or then completely close
+        //the animation if any matching animations are not found at all.
+        //NOTE: IE8 + IE9 should close properly (run closeAnimation()) in case an animation was found.
+        if (animationsDisabled(element, parentElement)) {
+          fireDOMOperation();
+          fireBeforeCallbackAsync();
+          fireAfterCallbackAsync();
+          closeAnimation();
+          return noopCancel;
+        }
+
+        var ngAnimateState  = element.data(NG_ANIMATE_STATE) || {};
+        var runningAnimations     = ngAnimateState.active || {};
+        var totalActiveAnimations = ngAnimateState.totalActive || 0;
+        var lastAnimation         = ngAnimateState.last;
+        var skipAnimation = false;
+
+        if (totalActiveAnimations > 0) {
+          var animationsToCancel = [];
+          if (!runner.isClassBased) {
+            if (animationEvent == 'leave' && runningAnimations['ng-leave']) {
+              skipAnimation = true;
+            } else {
+              //cancel all animations when a structural animation takes place
+              for (var klass in runningAnimations) {
+                animationsToCancel.push(runningAnimations[klass]);
+              }
+              ngAnimateState = {};
+              cleanup(element, true);
+            }
+          } else if (lastAnimation.event == 'setClass') {
+            animationsToCancel.push(lastAnimation);
+            cleanup(element, className);
+          }
+          else if (runningAnimations[className]) {
+            var current = runningAnimations[className];
+            if (current.event == animationEvent) {
+              skipAnimation = true;
+            } else {
+              animationsToCancel.push(current);
+              cleanup(element, className);
+            }
+          }
+
+          if (animationsToCancel.length > 0) {
+            forEach(animationsToCancel, function(operation) {
+              operation.cancel();
+            });
+          }
+        }
+
+        if (runner.isClassBased
+            && !runner.isSetClassOperation
+            && animationEvent != 'animate'
+            && !skipAnimation) {
+          skipAnimation = (animationEvent == 'addClass') == element.hasClass(className); //opposite of XOR
+        }
+
+        if (skipAnimation) {
+          fireDOMOperation();
+          fireBeforeCallbackAsync();
+          fireAfterCallbackAsync();
+          fireDoneCallbackAsync();
+          return noopCancel;
+        }
+
+        runningAnimations     = ngAnimateState.active || {};
+        totalActiveAnimations = ngAnimateState.totalActive || 0;
+
+        if (animationEvent == 'leave') {
+          //there's no need to ever remove the listener since the element
+          //will be removed (destroyed) after the leave animation ends or
+          //is cancelled midway
+          element.one('$destroy', function(e) {
+            var element = angular.element(this);
+            var state = element.data(NG_ANIMATE_STATE);
+            if (state) {
+              var activeLeaveAnimation = state.active['ng-leave'];
+              if (activeLeaveAnimation) {
+                activeLeaveAnimation.cancel();
+                cleanup(element, 'ng-leave');
+              }
+            }
+          });
+        }
+
+        //the ng-animate class does nothing, but it's here to allow for
+        //parent animations to find and cancel child animations when needed
+        element.addClass(NG_ANIMATE_CLASS_NAME);
+        if (options && options.tempClasses) {
+          forEach(options.tempClasses, function(className) {
+            element.addClass(className);
+          });
+        }
+
+        var localAnimationCount = globalAnimationCounter++;
+        totalActiveAnimations++;
+        runningAnimations[className] = runner;
+
+        element.data(NG_ANIMATE_STATE, {
+          last: runner,
+          active: runningAnimations,
+          index: localAnimationCount,
+          totalActive: totalActiveAnimations
+        });
+
+        //first we run the before animations and when all of those are complete
+        //then we perform the DOM operation and run the next set of animations
+        fireBeforeCallbackAsync();
+        runner.before(function(cancelled) {
+          var data = element.data(NG_ANIMATE_STATE);
+          cancelled = cancelled ||
+                        !data || !data.active[className] ||
+                        (runner.isClassBased && data.active[className].event != animationEvent);
+
+          fireDOMOperation();
+          if (cancelled === true) {
+            closeAnimation();
+          } else {
+            fireAfterCallbackAsync();
+            runner.after(closeAnimation);
+          }
+        });
+
+        return runner.cancel;
+
+        function fireDOMCallback(animationPhase) {
+          var eventName = '$animate:' + animationPhase;
+          if (elementEvents && elementEvents[eventName] && elementEvents[eventName].length > 0) {
+            $$asyncCallback(function() {
+              element.triggerHandler(eventName, {
+                event: animationEvent,
+                className: className
+              });
+            });
+          }
+        }
+
+        function fireBeforeCallbackAsync() {
+          fireDOMCallback('before');
+        }
+
+        function fireAfterCallbackAsync() {
+          fireDOMCallback('after');
+        }
+
+        function fireDoneCallbackAsync() {
+          fireDOMCallback('close');
+          doneCallback();
+        }
+
+        //it is less complicated to use a flag than managing and canceling
+        //timeouts containing multiple callbacks.
+        function fireDOMOperation() {
+          if (!fireDOMOperation.hasBeenRun) {
+            fireDOMOperation.hasBeenRun = true;
+            domOperation();
+          }
+        }
+
+        function closeAnimation() {
+          if (!closeAnimation.hasBeenRun) {
+            if (runner) { //the runner doesn't exist if it fails to instantiate
+              runner.applyStyles();
+            }
+
+            closeAnimation.hasBeenRun = true;
+            if (options && options.tempClasses) {
+              forEach(options.tempClasses, function(className) {
+                element.removeClass(className);
+              });
+            }
+
+            var data = element.data(NG_ANIMATE_STATE);
+            if (data) {
+
+              /* only structural animations wait for reflow before removing an
+                 animation, but class-based animations don't. An example of this
+                 failing would be when a parent HTML tag has a ng-class attribute
+                 causing ALL directives below to skip animations during the digest */
+              if (runner && runner.isClassBased) {
+                cleanup(element, className);
+              } else {
+                $$asyncCallback(function() {
+                  var data = element.data(NG_ANIMATE_STATE) || {};
+                  if (localAnimationCount == data.index) {
+                    cleanup(element, className, animationEvent);
+                  }
+                });
+                element.data(NG_ANIMATE_STATE, data);
+              }
+            }
+            fireDoneCallbackAsync();
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      function cancelChildAnimations(element) {
+        var node = extractElementNode(element);
+        if (node) {
+          var nodes = angular.isFunction(node.getElementsByClassName) ?
+            node.getElementsByClassName(NG_ANIMATE_CLASS_NAME) :
+            node.querySelectorAll('.' + NG_ANIMATE_CLASS_NAME);
+          forEach(nodes, function(element) {
+            element = angular.element(element);
+            var data = element.data(NG_ANIMATE_STATE);
+            if (data && data.active) {
+              forEach(data.active, function(runner) {
+                runner.cancel();
+              });
+            }
+          });
+        }
+      }
+
+      function cleanup(element, className) {
+        if (isMatchingElement(element, $rootElement)) {
+          if (!rootAnimateState.disabled) {
+            rootAnimateState.running = false;
+            rootAnimateState.structural = false;
+          }
+        } else if (className) {
+          var data = element.data(NG_ANIMATE_STATE) || {};
+
+          var removeAnimations = className === true;
+          if (!removeAnimations && data.active && data.active[className]) {
+            data.totalActive--;
+            delete data.active[className];
+          }
+
+          if (removeAnimations || !data.totalActive) {
+            element.removeClass(NG_ANIMATE_CLASS_NAME);
+            element.removeData(NG_ANIMATE_STATE);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      function animationsDisabled(element, parentElement) {
+        if (rootAnimateState.disabled) {
+          return true;
+        }
+
+        if (isMatchingElement(element, $rootElement)) {
+          return rootAnimateState.running;
+        }
+
+        var allowChildAnimations, parentRunningAnimation, hasParent;
+        do {
+          //the element did not reach the root element which means that it
+          //is not apart of the DOM. Therefore there is no reason to do
+          //any animations on it
+          if (parentElement.length === 0) break;
+
+          var isRoot = isMatchingElement(parentElement, $rootElement);
+          var state = isRoot ? rootAnimateState : (parentElement.data(NG_ANIMATE_STATE) || {});
+          if (state.disabled) {
+            return true;
+          }
+
+          //no matter what, for an animation to work it must reach the root element
+          //this implies that the element is attached to the DOM when the animation is run
+          if (isRoot) {
+            hasParent = true;
+          }
+
+          //once a flag is found that is strictly false then everything before
+          //it will be discarded and all child animations will be restricted
+          if (allowChildAnimations !== false) {
+            var animateChildrenFlag = parentElement.data(NG_ANIMATE_CHILDREN);
+            if (angular.isDefined(animateChildrenFlag)) {
+              allowChildAnimations = animateChildrenFlag;
+            }
+          }
+
+          parentRunningAnimation = parentRunningAnimation ||
+                                   state.running ||
+                                   (state.last && !state.last.isClassBased);
+        }
+        while (parentElement = parentElement.parent());
+
+        return !hasParent || (!allowChildAnimations && parentRunningAnimation);
+      }
+    }]);
+
+    $animateProvider.register('', ['$window', '$sniffer', '$timeout', '$$animateReflow',
+                           function($window,   $sniffer,   $timeout,   $$animateReflow) {
+      // Detect proper transitionend/animationend event names.
+      var CSS_PREFIX = '', TRANSITION_PROP, TRANSITIONEND_EVENT, ANIMATION_PROP, ANIMATIONEND_EVENT;
+
+      // If unprefixed events are not supported but webkit-prefixed are, use the latter.
+      // Otherwise, just use W3C names, browsers not supporting them at all will just ignore them.
+      // Note: Chrome implements `window.onwebkitanimationend` and doesn't implement `window.onanimationend`
+      // but at the same time dispatches the `animationend` event and not `webkitAnimationEnd`.
+      // Register both events in case `window.onanimationend` is not supported because of that,
+      // do the same for `transitionend` as Safari is likely to exhibit similar behavior.
+      // Also, the only modern browser that uses vendor prefixes for transitions/keyframes is webkit
+      // therefore there is no reason to test anymore for other vendor prefixes: http://caniuse.com/#search=transition
+      if (window.ontransitionend === undefined && window.onwebkittransitionend !== undefined) {
+        CSS_PREFIX = '-webkit-';
+        TRANSITION_PROP = 'WebkitTransition';
+        TRANSITIONEND_EVENT = 'webkitTransitionEnd transitionend';
+      } else {
+        TRANSITION_PROP = 'transition';
+        TRANSITIONEND_EVENT = 'transitionend';
+      }
+
+      if (window.onanimationend === undefined && window.onwebkitanimationend !== undefined) {
+        CSS_PREFIX = '-webkit-';
+        ANIMATION_PROP = 'WebkitAnimation';
+        ANIMATIONEND_EVENT = 'webkitAnimationEnd animationend';
+      } else {
+        ANIMATION_PROP = 'animation';
+        ANIMATIONEND_EVENT = 'animationend';
+      }
+
+      var DURATION_KEY = 'Duration';
+      var PROPERTY_KEY = 'Property';
+      var DELAY_KEY = 'Delay';
+      var ANIMATION_ITERATION_COUNT_KEY = 'IterationCount';
+      var ANIMATION_PLAYSTATE_KEY = 'PlayState';
+      var NG_ANIMATE_PARENT_KEY = '$$ngAnimateKey';
+      var NG_ANIMATE_CSS_DATA_KEY = '$$ngAnimateCSS3Data';
+      var ELAPSED_TIME_MAX_DECIMAL_PLACES = 3;
+      var CLOSING_TIME_BUFFER = 1.5;
+      var ONE_SECOND = 1000;
+
+      var lookupCache = {};
+      var parentCounter = 0;
+      var animationReflowQueue = [];
+      var cancelAnimationReflow;
+      function clearCacheAfterReflow() {
+        if (!cancelAnimationReflow) {
+          cancelAnimationReflow = $$animateReflow(function() {
+            animationReflowQueue = [];
+            cancelAnimationReflow = null;
+            lookupCache = {};
+          });
+        }
+      }
+
+      function afterReflow(element, callback) {
+        if (cancelAnimationReflow) {
+          cancelAnimationReflow();
+        }
+        animationReflowQueue.push(callback);
+        cancelAnimationReflow = $$animateReflow(function() {
+          forEach(animationReflowQueue, function(fn) {
+            fn();
+          });
+
+          animationReflowQueue = [];
+          cancelAnimationReflow = null;
+          lookupCache = {};
+        });
+      }
+
+      var closingTimer = null;
+      var closingTimestamp = 0;
+      var animationElementQueue = [];
+      function animationCloseHandler(element, totalTime) {
+        var node = extractElementNode(element);
+        element = angular.element(node);
+
+        //this item will be garbage collected by the closing
+        //animation timeout
+        animationElementQueue.push(element);
+
+        //but it may not need to cancel out the existing timeout
+        //if the timestamp is less than the previous one
+        var futureTimestamp = Date.now() + totalTime;
+        if (futureTimestamp <= closingTimestamp) {
+          return;
+        }
+
+        $timeout.cancel(closingTimer);
+
+        closingTimestamp = futureTimestamp;
+        closingTimer = $timeout(function() {
+          closeAllAnimations(animationElementQueue);
+          animationElementQueue = [];
+        }, totalTime, false);
+      }
+
+      function closeAllAnimations(elements) {
+        forEach(elements, function(element) {
+          var elementData = element.data(NG_ANIMATE_CSS_DATA_KEY);
+          if (elementData) {
+            forEach(elementData.closeAnimationFns, function(fn) {
+              fn();
+            });
+          }
+        });
+      }
+
+      function getElementAnimationDetails(element, cacheKey) {
+        var data = cacheKey ? lookupCache[cacheKey] : null;
+        if (!data) {
+          var transitionDuration = 0;
+          var transitionDelay = 0;
+          var animationDuration = 0;
+          var animationDelay = 0;
+
+          //we want all the styles defined before and after
+          forEach(element, function(element) {
+            if (element.nodeType == ELEMENT_NODE) {
+              var elementStyles = $window.getComputedStyle(element) || {};
+
+              var transitionDurationStyle = elementStyles[TRANSITION_PROP + DURATION_KEY];
+              transitionDuration = Math.max(parseMaxTime(transitionDurationStyle), transitionDuration);
+
+              var transitionDelayStyle = elementStyles[TRANSITION_PROP + DELAY_KEY];
+              transitionDelay  = Math.max(parseMaxTime(transitionDelayStyle), transitionDelay);
+
+              var animationDelayStyle = elementStyles[ANIMATION_PROP + DELAY_KEY];
+              animationDelay   = Math.max(parseMaxTime(elementStyles[ANIMATION_PROP + DELAY_KEY]), animationDelay);
+
+              var aDuration  = parseMaxTime(elementStyles[ANIMATION_PROP + DURATION_KEY]);
+
+              if (aDuration > 0) {
+                aDuration *= parseInt(elementStyles[ANIMATION_PROP + ANIMATION_ITERATION_COUNT_KEY], 10) || 1;
+              }
+              animationDuration = Math.max(aDuration, animationDuration);
+            }
+          });
+          data = {
+            total: 0,
+            transitionDelay: transitionDelay,
+            transitionDuration: transitionDuration,
+            animationDelay: animationDelay,
+            animationDuration: animationDuration
+          };
+          if (cacheKey) {
+            lookupCache[cacheKey] = data;
+          }
+        }
+        return data;
+      }
+
+      function parseMaxTime(str) {
+        var maxValue = 0;
+        var values = isString(str) ?
+          str.split(/\s*,\s*/) :
+          [];
+        forEach(values, function(value) {
+          maxValue = Math.max(parseFloat(value) || 0, maxValue);
+        });
+        return maxValue;
+      }
+
+      function getCacheKey(element) {
+        var parentElement = element.parent();
+        var parentID = parentElement.data(NG_ANIMATE_PARENT_KEY);
+        if (!parentID) {
+          parentElement.data(NG_ANIMATE_PARENT_KEY, ++parentCounter);
+          parentID = parentCounter;
+        }
+        return parentID + '-' + extractElementNode(element).getAttribute('class');
+      }
+
+      function animateSetup(animationEvent, element, className, styles) {
+        var structural = ['ng-enter','ng-leave','ng-move'].indexOf(className) >= 0;
+
+        var cacheKey = getCacheKey(element);
+        var eventCacheKey = cacheKey + ' ' + className;
+        var itemIndex = lookupCache[eventCacheKey] ? ++lookupCache[eventCacheKey].total : 0;
+
+        var stagger = {};
+        if (itemIndex > 0) {
+          var staggerClassName = className + '-stagger';
+          var staggerCacheKey = cacheKey + ' ' + staggerClassName;
+          var applyClasses = !lookupCache[staggerCacheKey];
+
+          applyClasses && element.addClass(staggerClassName);
+
+          stagger = getElementAnimationDetails(element, staggerCacheKey);
+
+          applyClasses && element.removeClass(staggerClassName);
+        }
+
+        element.addClass(className);
+
+        var formerData = element.data(NG_ANIMATE_CSS_DATA_KEY) || {};
+        var timings = getElementAnimationDetails(element, eventCacheKey);
+        var transitionDuration = timings.transitionDuration;
+        var animationDuration = timings.animationDuration;
+
+        if (structural && transitionDuration === 0 && animationDuration === 0) {
+          element.removeClass(className);
+          return false;
+        }
+
+        var blockTransition = styles || (structural && transitionDuration > 0);
+        var blockAnimation = animationDuration > 0 &&
+                             stagger.animationDelay > 0 &&
+                             stagger.animationDuration === 0;
+
+        var closeAnimationFns = formerData.closeAnimationFns || [];
+        element.data(NG_ANIMATE_CSS_DATA_KEY, {
+          stagger: stagger,
+          cacheKey: eventCacheKey,
+          running: formerData.running || 0,
+          itemIndex: itemIndex,
+          blockTransition: blockTransition,
+          closeAnimationFns: closeAnimationFns
+        });
+
+        var node = extractElementNode(element);
+
+        if (blockTransition) {
+          blockTransitions(node, true);
+          if (styles) {
+            element.css(styles);
+          }
+        }
+
+        if (blockAnimation) {
+          blockAnimations(node, true);
+        }
+
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      function animateRun(animationEvent, element, className, activeAnimationComplete, styles) {
+        var node = extractElementNode(element);
+        var elementData = element.data(NG_ANIMATE_CSS_DATA_KEY);
+        if (node.getAttribute('class').indexOf(className) == -1 || !elementData) {
+          activeAnimationComplete();
+          return;
+        }
+
+        var activeClassName = '';
+        var pendingClassName = '';
+        forEach(className.split(' '), function(klass, i) {
+          var prefix = (i > 0 ? ' ' : '') + klass;
+          activeClassName += prefix + '-active';
+          pendingClassName += prefix + '-pending';
+        });
+
+        var style = '';
+        var appliedStyles = [];
+        var itemIndex = elementData.itemIndex;
+        var stagger = elementData.stagger;
+        var staggerTime = 0;
+        if (itemIndex > 0) {
+          var transitionStaggerDelay = 0;
+          if (stagger.transitionDelay > 0 && stagger.transitionDuration === 0) {
+            transitionStaggerDelay = stagger.transitionDelay * itemIndex;
+          }
+
+          var animationStaggerDelay = 0;
+          if (stagger.animationDelay > 0 && stagger.animationDuration === 0) {
+            animationStaggerDelay = stagger.animationDelay * itemIndex;
+            appliedStyles.push(CSS_PREFIX + 'animation-play-state');
+          }
+
+          staggerTime = Math.round(Math.max(transitionStaggerDelay, animationStaggerDelay) * 100) / 100;
+        }
+
+        if (!staggerTime) {
+          element.addClass(activeClassName);
+          if (elementData.blockTransition) {
+            blockTransitions(node, false);
+          }
+        }
+
+        var eventCacheKey = elementData.cacheKey + ' ' + activeClassName;
+        var timings = getElementAnimationDetails(element, eventCacheKey);
+        var maxDuration = Math.max(timings.transitionDuration, timings.animationDuration);
+        if (maxDuration === 0) {
+          element.removeClass(activeClassName);
+          animateClose(element, className);
+          activeAnimationComplete();
+          return;
+        }
+
+        if (!staggerTime && styles) {
+          if (!timings.transitionDuration) {
+            element.css('transition', timings.animationDuration + 's linear all');
+            appliedStyles.push('transition');
+          }
+          element.css(styles);
+        }
+
+        var maxDelay = Math.max(timings.transitionDelay, timings.animationDelay);
+        var maxDelayTime = maxDelay * ONE_SECOND;
+
+        if (appliedStyles.length > 0) {
+          //the element being animated may sometimes contain comment nodes in
+          //the jqLite object, so we're safe to use a single variable to house
+          //the styles since there is always only one element being animated
+          var oldStyle = node.getAttribute('style') || '';
+          if (oldStyle.charAt(oldStyle.length - 1) !== ';') {
+            oldStyle += ';';
+          }
+          node.setAttribute('style', oldStyle + ' ' + style);
+        }
+
+        var startTime = Date.now();
+        var css3AnimationEvents = ANIMATIONEND_EVENT + ' ' + TRANSITIONEND_EVENT;
+        var animationTime     = (maxDelay + maxDuration) * CLOSING_TIME_BUFFER;
+        var totalTime         = (staggerTime + animationTime) * ONE_SECOND;
+
+        var staggerTimeout;
+        if (staggerTime > 0) {
+          element.addClass(pendingClassName);
+          staggerTimeout = $timeout(function() {
+            staggerTimeout = null;
+
+            if (timings.transitionDuration > 0) {
+              blockTransitions(node, false);
+            }
+            if (timings.animationDuration > 0) {
+              blockAnimations(node, false);
+            }
+
+            element.addClass(activeClassName);
+            element.removeClass(pendingClassName);
+
+            if (styles) {
+              if (timings.transitionDuration === 0) {
+                element.css('transition', timings.animationDuration + 's linear all');
+              }
+              element.css(styles);
+              appliedStyles.push('transition');
+            }
+          }, staggerTime * ONE_SECOND, false);
+        }
+
+        element.on(css3AnimationEvents, onAnimationProgress);
+        elementData.closeAnimationFns.push(function() {
+          onEnd();
+          activeAnimationComplete();
+        });
+
+        elementData.running++;
+        animationCloseHandler(element, totalTime);
+        return onEnd;
+
+        // This will automatically be called by $animate so
+        // there is no need to attach this internally to the
+        // timeout done method.
+        function onEnd() {
+          element.off(css3AnimationEvents, onAnimationProgress);
+          element.removeClass(activeClassName);
+          element.removeClass(pendingClassName);
+          if (staggerTimeout) {
+            $timeout.cancel(staggerTimeout);
+          }
+          animateClose(element, className);
+          var node = extractElementNode(element);
+          for (var i in appliedStyles) {
+            node.style.removeProperty(appliedStyles[i]);
+          }
+        }
+
+        function onAnimationProgress(event) {
+          event.stopPropagation();
+          var ev = event.originalEvent || event;
+          var timeStamp = ev.$manualTimeStamp || ev.timeStamp || Date.now();
+
+          /* Firefox (or possibly just Gecko) likes to not round values up
+           * when a ms measurement is used for the animation */
+          var elapsedTime = parseFloat(ev.elapsedTime.toFixed(ELAPSED_TIME_MAX_DECIMAL_PLACES));
+
+          /* $manualTimeStamp is a mocked timeStamp value which is set
+           * within browserTrigger(). This is only here so that tests can
+           * mock animations properly. Real events fallback to event.timeStamp,
+           * or, if they don't, then a timeStamp is automatically created for them.
+           * We're checking to see if the timeStamp surpasses the expected delay,
+           * but we're using elapsedTime instead of the timeStamp on the 2nd
+           * pre-condition since animations sometimes close off early */
+          if (Math.max(timeStamp - startTime, 0) >= maxDelayTime && elapsedTime >= maxDuration) {
+            activeAnimationComplete();
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      function blockTransitions(node, bool) {
+        node.style[TRANSITION_PROP + PROPERTY_KEY] = bool ? 'none' : '';
+      }
+
+      function blockAnimations(node, bool) {
+        node.style[ANIMATION_PROP + ANIMATION_PLAYSTATE_KEY] = bool ? 'paused' : '';
+      }
+
+      function animateBefore(animationEvent, element, className, styles) {
+        if (animateSetup(animationEvent, element, className, styles)) {
+          return function(cancelled) {
+            cancelled && animateClose(element, className);
+          };
+        }
+      }
+
+      function animateAfter(animationEvent, element, className, afterAnimationComplete, styles) {
+        if (element.data(NG_ANIMATE_CSS_DATA_KEY)) {
+          return animateRun(animationEvent, element, className, afterAnimationComplete, styles);
+        } else {
+          animateClose(element, className);
+          afterAnimationComplete();
+        }
+      }
+
+      function animate(animationEvent, element, className, animationComplete, options) {
+        //If the animateSetup function doesn't bother returning a
+        //cancellation function then it means that there is no animation
+        //to perform at all
+        var preReflowCancellation = animateBefore(animationEvent, element, className, options.from);
+        if (!preReflowCancellation) {
+          clearCacheAfterReflow();
+          animationComplete();
+          return;
+        }
+
+        //There are two cancellation functions: one is before the first
+        //reflow animation and the second is during the active state
+        //animation. The first function will take care of removing the
+        //data from the element which will not make the 2nd animation
+        //happen in the first place
+        var cancel = preReflowCancellation;
+        afterReflow(element, function() {
+          //once the reflow is complete then we point cancel to
+          //the new cancellation function which will remove all of the
+          //animation properties from the active animation
+          cancel = animateAfter(animationEvent, element, className, animationComplete, options.to);
+        });
+
+        return function(cancelled) {
+          (cancel || noop)(cancelled);
+        };
+      }
+
+      function animateClose(element, className) {
+        element.removeClass(className);
+        var data = element.data(NG_ANIMATE_CSS_DATA_KEY);
+        if (data) {
+          if (data.running) {
+            data.running--;
+          }
+          if (!data.running || data.running === 0) {
+            element.removeData(NG_ANIMATE_CSS_DATA_KEY);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      return {
+        animate: function(element, className, from, to, animationCompleted, options) {
+          options = options || {};
+          options.from = from;
+          options.to = to;
+          return animate('animate', element, className, animationCompleted, options);
+        },
+
+        enter: function(element, animationCompleted, options) {
+          options = options || {};
+          return animate('enter', element, 'ng-enter', animationCompleted, options);
+        },
+
+        leave: function(element, animationCompleted, options) {
+          options = options || {};
+          return animate('leave', element, 'ng-leave', animationCompleted, options);
+        },
+
+        move: function(element, animationCompleted, options) {
+          options = options || {};
+          return animate('move', element, 'ng-move', animationCompleted, options);
+        },
+
+        beforeSetClass: function(element, add, remove, animationCompleted, options) {
+          options = options || {};
+          var className = suffixClasses(remove, '-remove') + ' ' +
+                          suffixClasses(add, '-add');
+          var cancellationMethod = animateBefore('setClass', element, className, options.from);
+          if (cancellationMethod) {
+            afterReflow(element, animationCompleted);
+            return cancellationMethod;
+          }
+          clearCacheAfterReflow();
+          animationCompleted();
+        },
+
+        beforeAddClass: function(element, className, animationCompleted, options) {
+          options = options || {};
+          var cancellationMethod = animateBefore('addClass', element, suffixClasses(className, '-add'), options.from);
+          if (cancellationMethod) {
+            afterReflow(element, animationCompleted);
+            return cancellationMethod;
+          }
+          clearCacheAfterReflow();
+          animationCompleted();
+        },
+
+        beforeRemoveClass: function(element, className, animationCompleted, options) {
+          options = options || {};
+          var cancellationMethod = animateBefore('removeClass', element, suffixClasses(className, '-remove'), options.from);
+          if (cancellationMethod) {
+            afterReflow(element, animationCompleted);
+            return cancellationMethod;
+          }
+          clearCacheAfterReflow();
+          animationCompleted();
+        },
+
+        setClass: function(element, add, remove, animationCompleted, options) {
+          options = options || {};
+          remove = suffixClasses(remove, '-remove');
+          add = suffixClasses(add, '-add');
+          var className = remove + ' ' + add;
+          return animateAfter('setClass', element, className, animationCompleted, options.to);
+        },
+
+        addClass: function(element, className, animationCompleted, options) {
+          options = options || {};
+          return animateAfter('addClass', element, suffixClasses(className, '-add'), animationCompleted, options.to);
+        },
+
+        removeClass: function(element, className, animationCompleted, options) {
+          options = options || {};
+          return animateAfter('removeClass', element, suffixClasses(className, '-remove'), animationCompleted, options.to);
+        }
+      };
+
+      function suffixClasses(classes, suffix) {
+        var className = '';
+        classes = isArray(classes) ? classes : classes.split(/\s+/);
+        forEach(classes, function(klass, i) {
+          if (klass && klass.length > 0) {
+            className += (i > 0 ? ' ' : '') + klass + suffix;
+          }
+        });
+        return className;
+      }
+    }]);
+  }]);
+
+
+})(window, window.angular);