diff --git a/apps/foo/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/foo/SimpleNettyClient.java b/apps/foo/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/foo/SimpleNettyClient.java
index abe9192..5e3f8f7 100644
--- a/apps/foo/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/foo/SimpleNettyClient.java
+++ b/apps/foo/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/foo/SimpleNettyClient.java
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 
         System.exit(0);
     }
-    public static void startStandalone(String... args) throws Exception {
+    public static void startStandalone(String[] args) throws Exception {
         String host = args.length > 0 ? args[0] : "localhost";
         int port = args.length > 1 ? Integer.parseInt(args[1]) : 8081;
         int warmup = args.length > 2 ? Integer.parseInt(args[2]) : 1000;
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
         metrics.activate();
         MetricsFeature feature = new MetricsFeature("latency");
         MetricsComponent component = metrics.registerComponent("NettyMessaging");
-        log.info("warmup....");
+        log.info("connecting " + host + ":" + port + " warmup:" + warmup + " iterations:" + iterations);
 
         for (int i = 0; i < warmup; i++) {
             messaging.sendAsync(endpoint, "simple", "Hello World".getBytes());
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@
             // System.out.println("Got back:" + new String(response.get(2, TimeUnit.SECONDS)));
             context.stop();
         }
+        metrics.deactivate();
     }
 
     public static class TestNettyMessagingService extends NettyMessagingService {
diff --git a/apps/foo/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/foo/SimpleNettyClientCommand.java b/apps/foo/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/foo/SimpleNettyClientCommand.java
index 143d319..b63f9c1 100644
--- a/apps/foo/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/foo/SimpleNettyClientCommand.java
+++ b/apps/foo/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/foo/SimpleNettyClientCommand.java
@@ -18,15 +18,15 @@
             required = false, multiValued = false)
     String hostname = "localhost";
 
-    @Argument(index = 3, name = "port", description = "Port",
+    @Argument(index = 1, name = "port", description = "Port",
             required = false, multiValued = false)
     String port = "8081";
 
-    @Argument(index = 1, name = "warmupCount", description = "Warm-up count",
+    @Argument(index = 2, name = "warmupCount", description = "Warm-up count",
             required = false, multiValued = false)
     String warmupCount = "1000";
 
-    @Argument(index = 2, name = "messageCount", description = "Message count",
+    @Argument(index = 3, name = "messageCount", description = "Message count",
             required = false, multiValued = false)
     String messageCount = "100000";
 
diff --git a/core/api/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/net/intent/IntentInstaller.java b/core/api/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/net/intent/IntentInstaller.java
index 738be04..9855498 100644
--- a/core/api/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/net/intent/IntentInstaller.java
+++ b/core/api/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/net/intent/IntentInstaller.java
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
 
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+
+import org.onlab.onos.net.flow.CompletedBatchOperation;
+
 /**
  * Abstraction of entity capable of installing intents to the environment.
  */
@@ -10,7 +14,7 @@
      * @param intent intent to be installed
      * @throws IntentException if issues are encountered while installing the intent
      */
-    void install(T intent);
+    Future<CompletedBatchOperation> install(T intent);
 
     /**
      * Uninstalls the specified intent from the environment.
@@ -18,5 +22,5 @@
      * @param intent intent to be uninstalled
      * @throws IntentException if issues are encountered while uninstalling the intent
      */
-    void uninstall(T intent);
+    Future<CompletedBatchOperation> uninstall(T intent);
 }
diff --git a/core/api/src/test/java/org/onlab/onos/net/intent/IntentServiceTest.java b/core/api/src/test/java/org/onlab/onos/net/intent/IntentServiceTest.java
index 7eb0e19..163a056 100644
--- a/core/api/src/test/java/org/onlab/onos/net/intent/IntentServiceTest.java
+++ b/core/api/src/test/java/org/onlab/onos/net/intent/IntentServiceTest.java
@@ -1,17 +1,25 @@
 package org.onlab.onos.net.intent;
 
-import org.junit.After;
-import org.junit.Before;
-import org.junit.Test;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+import static org.onlab.onos.net.intent.IntentEvent.Type.FAILED;
+import static org.onlab.onos.net.intent.IntentEvent.Type.INSTALLED;
+import static org.onlab.onos.net.intent.IntentEvent.Type.SUBMITTED;
+import static org.onlab.onos.net.intent.IntentEvent.Type.WITHDRAWN;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
 
-import static org.junit.Assert.*;
-import static org.onlab.onos.net.intent.IntentEvent.Type.*;
+import org.junit.After;
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.onlab.onos.net.flow.CompletedBatchOperation;
 
 /**
  * Suite of tests for the intent service contract.
@@ -290,17 +298,19 @@
         }
 
         @Override
-        public void install(TestInstallableIntent intent) {
+        public Future<CompletedBatchOperation> install(TestInstallableIntent intent) {
             if (fail) {
                 throw new IntentException("install failed by design");
             }
+            return null;
         }
 
         @Override
-        public void uninstall(TestInstallableIntent intent) {
+        public Future<CompletedBatchOperation> uninstall(TestInstallableIntent intent) {
             if (fail) {
                 throw new IntentException("remove failed by design");
             }
+            return null;
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/core/net/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/net/intent/impl/IntentManager.java b/core/net/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/net/intent/impl/IntentManager.java
index 16b75f2..50f1038 100644
--- a/core/net/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/net/intent/impl/IntentManager.java
+++ b/core/net/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/net/intent/impl/IntentManager.java
@@ -13,12 +13,14 @@
 import static org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
 
 import org.apache.felix.scr.annotations.Activate;
 import org.apache.felix.scr.annotations.Component;
@@ -28,6 +30,7 @@
 import org.apache.felix.scr.annotations.Service;
 import org.onlab.onos.event.AbstractListenerRegistry;
 import org.onlab.onos.event.EventDeliveryService;
+import org.onlab.onos.net.flow.CompletedBatchOperation;
 import org.onlab.onos.net.intent.InstallableIntent;
 import org.onlab.onos.net.intent.Intent;
 import org.onlab.onos.net.intent.IntentCompiler;
@@ -44,7 +47,9 @@
 import org.onlab.onos.net.intent.IntentStoreDelegate;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
+import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
 
 /**
  * An implementation of Intent Manager.
@@ -67,7 +72,8 @@
     private final AbstractListenerRegistry<IntentEvent, IntentListener>
             listenerRegistry = new AbstractListenerRegistry<>();
 
-    private final ExecutorService executor = newSingleThreadExecutor(namedThreads("onos-intents"));
+    private ExecutorService executor;
+    private ExecutorService monitorExecutor;
 
     private final IntentStoreDelegate delegate = new InternalStoreDelegate();
     private final TopologyChangeDelegate topoDelegate = new InternalTopoChangeDelegate();
@@ -86,6 +92,8 @@
         store.setDelegate(delegate);
         trackerService.setDelegate(topoDelegate);
         eventDispatcher.addSink(IntentEvent.class, listenerRegistry);
+        executor = newSingleThreadExecutor(namedThreads("onos-intents"));
+        monitorExecutor = newSingleThreadExecutor(namedThreads("onos-intent-monitor"));
         log.info("Started");
     }
 
@@ -94,6 +102,8 @@
         store.unsetDelegate(delegate);
         trackerService.unsetDelegate(topoDelegate);
         eventDispatcher.removeSink(IntentEvent.class);
+        executor.shutdown();
+        monitorExecutor.shutdown();
         log.info("Stopped");
     }
 
@@ -240,14 +250,23 @@
         }
     }
 
-    // FIXME: To make SDN-IP workable ASAP, only single level compilation is implemented
-    // TODO: implement compilation traversing tree structure
+    /**
+     * Compiles an intent recursively.
+     *
+     * @param intent intent
+     * @return result of compilation
+     */
     private List<InstallableIntent> compileIntent(Intent intent) {
-        List<InstallableIntent> installable = new ArrayList<>();
-        for (Intent compiled : getCompiler(intent).compile(intent)) {
-            InstallableIntent installableIntent = (InstallableIntent) compiled;
-            installable.add(installableIntent);
+        if (intent instanceof InstallableIntent) {
+            return ImmutableList.of((InstallableIntent) intent);
         }
+
+        List<InstallableIntent> installable = new ArrayList<>();
+        // TODO do we need to registerSubclassCompiler?
+        for (Intent compiled : getCompiler(intent).compile(intent)) {
+            installable.addAll(compileIntent(compiled));
+        }
+
         return installable;
     }
 
@@ -261,6 +280,7 @@
         // Indicate that the intent is entering the installing phase.
         store.setState(intent, INSTALLING);
 
+        List<Future<CompletedBatchOperation>> installFutures = Lists.newArrayList();
         try {
             List<InstallableIntent> installables = store.getInstallableIntents(intent.id());
             if (installables != null) {
@@ -268,17 +288,20 @@
                     registerSubclassInstallerIfNeeded(installable);
                     trackerService.addTrackedResources(intent.id(),
                                                        installable.requiredLinks());
-                    getInstaller(installable).install(installable);
+                    Future<CompletedBatchOperation> future = getInstaller(installable).install(installable);
+                    installFutures.add(future);
                 }
             }
-            eventDispatcher.post(store.setState(intent, INSTALLED));
-
+            // FIXME we have to wait for the installable intents
+            //eventDispatcher.post(store.setState(intent, INSTALLED));
+            monitorExecutor.execute(new IntentInstallMonitor(intent, installFutures, INSTALLED));
         } catch (Exception e) {
             log.warn("Unable to install intent {} due to: {}", intent.id(), e);
-            uninstallIntent(intent);
+            uninstallIntent(intent, RECOMPILING);
 
             // If compilation failed, kick off the recompiling phase.
-            executeRecompilingPhase(intent);
+            // FIXME
+            //executeRecompilingPhase(intent);
         }
     }
 
@@ -327,12 +350,14 @@
     private void executeWithdrawingPhase(Intent intent) {
         // Indicate that the intent is being withdrawn.
         store.setState(intent, WITHDRAWING);
-        uninstallIntent(intent);
+        uninstallIntent(intent, WITHDRAWN);
 
         // If all went well, disassociate the top-level intent with its
         // installable derivatives and mark it as withdrawn.
-        store.removeInstalledIntents(intent.id());
-        eventDispatcher.post(store.setState(intent, WITHDRAWN));
+        // FIXME need to clean up
+        //store.removeInstalledIntents(intent.id());
+        // FIXME
+        //eventDispatcher.post(store.setState(intent, WITHDRAWN));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -340,14 +365,17 @@
      *
      * @param intent intent to be uninstalled
      */
-    private void uninstallIntent(Intent intent) {
+    private void uninstallIntent(Intent intent, IntentState nextState) {
+        List<Future<CompletedBatchOperation>> uninstallFutures = Lists.newArrayList();
         try {
             List<InstallableIntent> installables = store.getInstallableIntents(intent.id());
             if (installables != null) {
                 for (InstallableIntent installable : installables) {
-                    getInstaller(installable).uninstall(installable);
+                    Future<CompletedBatchOperation> future = getInstaller(installable).uninstall(installable);
+                    uninstallFutures.add(future);
                 }
             }
+            monitorExecutor.execute(new IntentInstallMonitor(intent, uninstallFutures, nextState));
         } catch (IntentException e) {
             log.warn("Unable to uninstall intent {} due to: {}", intent.id(), e);
         }
@@ -422,9 +450,10 @@
             // Attempt recompilation of the specified intents first.
             for (IntentId intentId : intentIds) {
                 Intent intent = getIntent(intentId);
-                uninstallIntent(intent);
+                uninstallIntent(intent, RECOMPILING);
 
-                executeRecompilingPhase(intent);
+                //FIXME
+                //executeRecompilingPhase(intent);
             }
 
             if (compileAllFailed) {
@@ -460,4 +489,44 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private class IntentInstallMonitor implements Runnable {
+
+        private final Intent intent;
+        private final List<Future<CompletedBatchOperation>> futures;
+        private final IntentState nextState;
+
+        public IntentInstallMonitor(Intent intent,
+                List<Future<CompletedBatchOperation>> futures, IntentState nextState) {
+            this.intent = intent;
+            this.futures = futures;
+            this.nextState = nextState;
+        }
+
+        private void updateIntent(Intent intent) {
+            if (nextState == RECOMPILING) {
+                executor.execute(new IntentTask(nextState, intent));
+            } else if (nextState == INSTALLED || nextState == WITHDRAWN) {
+                eventDispatcher.post(store.setState(intent, nextState));
+            } else {
+                log.warn("Invalid next intent state {} for intent {}", nextState, intent);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            for (Iterator<Future<CompletedBatchOperation>> i = futures.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
+                Future<CompletedBatchOperation> future = i.next();
+                if (future.isDone()) {
+                    // TODO: we may want to get the future here
+                    i.remove();
+                }
+            }
+            if (futures.isEmpty()) {
+                updateIntent(intent);
+            } else {
+                // resubmit ourselves if we are not done yet
+                monitorExecutor.submit(this);
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/core/net/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/net/intent/impl/PathIntentInstaller.java b/core/net/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/net/intent/impl/PathIntentInstaller.java
index 0ca75c2..56214c6 100644
--- a/core/net/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/net/intent/impl/PathIntentInstaller.java
+++ b/core/net/src/main/java/org/onlab/onos/net/intent/impl/PathIntentInstaller.java
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
-import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
 
 import org.apache.felix.scr.annotations.Activate;
 import org.apache.felix.scr.annotations.Component;
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 import org.onlab.onos.ApplicationId;
 import org.onlab.onos.net.ConnectPoint;
 import org.onlab.onos.net.Link;
+import org.onlab.onos.net.flow.CompletedBatchOperation;
 import org.onlab.onos.net.flow.DefaultFlowRule;
 import org.onlab.onos.net.flow.DefaultTrafficSelector;
 import org.onlab.onos.net.flow.FlowRule;
@@ -57,8 +58,26 @@
         intentManager.unregisterInstaller(PathIntent.class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Apply a list of FlowRules.
+     *
+     * @param rules rules to apply
+     */
+    private Future<CompletedBatchOperation> applyBatch(List<FlowRuleBatchEntry> rules) {
+        FlowRuleBatchOperation batch = new FlowRuleBatchOperation(rules);
+        Future<CompletedBatchOperation> future = flowRuleService.applyBatch(batch);
+        return future;
+//        try {
+//            //FIXME don't do this here
+//            future.get();
+//        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
+//            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
+//            e.printStackTrace();
+//        }
+    }
+
     @Override
-    public void install(PathIntent intent) {
+    public Future<CompletedBatchOperation> install(PathIntent intent) {
         TrafficSelector.Builder builder =
                 DefaultTrafficSelector.builder(intent.selector());
         Iterator<Link> links = intent.path().links().iterator();
@@ -74,20 +93,14 @@
                     builder.build(), treatment,
                     123, appId, 600);
             rules.add(new FlowRuleBatchEntry(FlowRuleOperation.ADD, rule));
-            //flowRuleService.applyFlowRules(rule);
             prev = link.dst();
         }
-        FlowRuleBatchOperation batch = new FlowRuleBatchOperation(rules);
-        try {
-            flowRuleService.applyBatch(batch).get();
-        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
-            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        }
+
+        return applyBatch(rules);
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void uninstall(PathIntent intent) {
+    public Future<CompletedBatchOperation> uninstall(PathIntent intent) {
         TrafficSelector.Builder builder =
                 DefaultTrafficSelector.builder(intent.selector());
         Iterator<Link> links = intent.path().links().iterator();
@@ -103,15 +116,131 @@
                     builder.build(), treatment,
                     123, appId, 600);
             rules.add(new FlowRuleBatchEntry(FlowRuleOperation.REMOVE, rule));
-            //flowRuleService.removeFlowRules(rule);
             prev = link.dst();
         }
-        FlowRuleBatchOperation batch = new FlowRuleBatchOperation(rules);
-        try {
-            flowRuleService.applyBatch(batch).get();
-        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
-            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
-            e.printStackTrace();
+        return applyBatch(rules);
+    }
+
+    // TODO refactor below this line... ----------------------------
+
+    /**
+     * Generates the series of MatchActionOperations from the
+     * {@link FlowBatchOperation}.
+     * <p>
+     * FIXME: Currently supporting PacketPathFlow and SingleDstTreeFlow only.
+     * <p>
+     * FIXME: MatchActionOperations should have dependency field to the other
+     * match action operations, and this method should use this.
+     *
+     * @param op the {@link FlowBatchOperation} object
+     * @return the list of {@link MatchActionOperations} objects
+     */
+    /*
+    private List<MatchActionOperations>
+            generateMatchActionOperationsList(FlowBatchOperation op) {
+
+        // MatchAction operations at head (ingress) switches.
+        MatchActionOperations headOps = matchActionService.createOperationsList();
+
+        // MatchAction operations at rest of the switches.
+        MatchActionOperations tailOps = matchActionService.createOperationsList();
+
+        MatchActionOperations removeOps = matchActionService.createOperationsList();
+
+        for (BatchOperationEntry<Operator, ?> e : op.getOperations()) {
+
+            if (e.getOperator() == FlowBatchOperation.Operator.ADD) {
+                generateInstallMatchActionOperations(e, tailOps, headOps);
+            } else if (e.getOperator() == FlowBatchOperation.Operator.REMOVE) {
+                generateRemoveMatchActionOperations(e, removeOps);
+            } else {
+                throw new UnsupportedOperationException(
+                        "FlowManager supports ADD and REMOVE operations only.");
+            }
+
+        }
+
+        return Arrays.asList(tailOps, headOps, removeOps);
+    }
+    */
+
+    /**
+     * Generates MatchActionOperations for an INSTALL FlowBatchOperation.
+     * <p/>
+     * FIXME: Currently only supports flows that generate exactly two match
+     * action operation sets.
+     *
+     * @param e Flow BatchOperationEntry
+     * @param tailOps MatchActionOperation set that the tail
+     * MatchActionOperations will be placed in
+     * @param headOps MatchActionOperation set that the head
+     * MatchActionOperations will be placed in
+     */
+    /*
+    private void generateInstallMatchActionOperations(
+            BatchOperationEntry<Operator, ?> e,
+            MatchActionOperations tailOps,
+            MatchActionOperations headOps) {
+
+        if (!(e.getTarget() instanceof Flow)) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException(
+                    "The target is not Flow object: " + e.getTarget());
+        }
+
+        // Compile flows to match-actions
+        Flow flow = (Flow) e.getTarget();
+        List<MatchActionOperations> maOps = flow.compile(
+                e.getOperator(), matchActionService);
+        verifyNotNull(maOps, "Could not compile the flow: " + flow);
+        verify(maOps.size() == 2,
+                "The flow generates unspported match-action operations.");
+
+        // Map FlowId to MatchActionIds
+        for (MatchActionOperations maOp : maOps) {
+            for (MatchActionOperationEntry entry : maOp.getOperations()) {
+                flowMatchActionsMap.put(
+                        KryoFactory.serialize(flow.getId()),
+                        KryoFactory.serialize(entry.getTarget()));
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Merge match-action operations
+        for (MatchActionOperationEntry mae : maOps.get(0).getOperations()) {
+            verify(mae.getOperator() == MatchActionOperations.Operator.INSTALL);
+            tailOps.addOperation(mae);
+        }
+        for (MatchActionOperationEntry mae : maOps.get(1).getOperations()) {
+            verify(mae.getOperator() == MatchActionOperations.Operator.INSTALL);
+            headOps.addOperation(mae);
         }
     }
+    */
+    /**
+     * Generates MatchActionOperations for a REMOVE FlowBatchOperation.
+     *
+     * @param e Flow BatchOperationEntry
+     * @param removeOps MatchActionOperation set that the remove
+     * MatchActionOperations will be placed in
+     */
+    /*
+    private void generateRemoveMatchActionOperations(
+            BatchOperationEntry<Operator, ?> e,
+            MatchActionOperations removeOps) {
+
+        if (!(e.getTarget() instanceof FlowId)) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException(
+                    "The target is not a FlowId object: " + e.getTarget());
+        }
+
+        // Compile flows to match-actions
+        FlowId flowId = (FlowId) e.getTarget();
+
+        for (byte[] matchActionIdBytes :
+            flowMatchActionsMap.remove(KryoFactory.serialize(flowId))) {
+            MatchActionId matchActionId = KryoFactory.deserialize(matchActionIdBytes);
+            removeOps.addOperation(new MatchActionOperationEntry(
+                    MatchActionOperations.Operator.REMOVE, matchActionId));
+        }
+    }
+    */
 }